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Chapter 39 Fishes

Chapter 39 Fishes. Section 3 Bony Fishes. Characteristics. Class Osteichthyes Bone - harder & heavier than cartridge Lungs - early bony fishes Swim bladder- gas-filled sac that is used to control buoyancy Scales - protect fish and reduce friction when swimming. Lobe-finned fishes.

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Chapter 39 Fishes

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  1. Chapter 39Fishes Section 3 Bony Fishes

  2. Characteristics • Class Osteichthyes • Bone- harder & heavier than cartridge • Lungs- early bony fishes • Swim bladder- gas-filled sac that is used to control buoyancy • Scales- protect fish and reduce friction when swimming

  3. Lobe-finned fishes • Fleshy fins supported by a series of bones • Lungfish and coelacanth • Lungfish- exchange gas through lungs and gills (Live in tropical ponds) • Coelacanth- live deep in the ocean

  4. Lungfish

  5. Coelacanth

  6. Ray-finned fishes • Do not have fins with a central bony axis- fins supported by bony-rays • Evolved from scales • Familiar fish- trout, goldfish, eels, bass, guppies, salmon, perch, etc.

  7. Trout

  8. Perch

  9. Goldfish

  10. External Anatomy • Operculum- hard plate that opens at the rear and covers and protects gills • Fins- swimming and navigation • Caudal fin- tail fin • Two dorsal fins (anterior & posterior) • Ventral anal fin- helps move in a straight line • Pelvic fins- orient body

  11. External Anatomy • Skin- scales • Scales grow with fish • Scales overlap like shingles on roof

  12. Internal Anatomy • Skeleton- skull, spinal column, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and ribs • Pectoral girdle- supports pectoral fish • Digestive: Jaws, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, anus

  13. Internal Anatomy • Circulatory- gills, heart, capillaries

  14. Respiratory and Excretory • Countercurrent Flow- causes more oxygen to diffuse into the blood • Urine • Urinary bladder

  15. Swim Bladder • Sac filled with oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen • Adjust their buoyancy based on swim bladder

  16. Nervous System • Brain • Optic tectum- receives and processes information from the fish’s visual, auditory, and lateral-line systems

  17. Reproduction • External • Lay large numbers of eggs to ensure survival of species • Spawning- reproduction • Migrate to warm waters to spawn

  18. REVIEW!!! • List three key features that characterize bony fishes. • Describe the external anatomy of fish. • Name the importance of swim bladder.

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