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Significant Figures

Significant Figures. Chemistry 332 – Dworak. What are Significant Figures?. I n a measurement, they are all the digits known with certainty plus one final digit, which is somewhat uncertain or is estimated. Why Care About Significant Figures?.

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Significant Figures

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  1. Significant Figures Chemistry 332 – Dworak

  2. What are Significant Figures? • In a measurement, they are all the digits known with certainty plus one final digit, which is somewhat uncertain or is estimated.

  3. Why Care About Significant Figures? • There is always uncertainty in every measurement due to the limits of construction and reading of measuring instrument.

  4. Station 1 • Rule : Digits other than zero are always significant • 381 - 3 • 22.568 - 5 • .456 - 3

  5. Station 2 • Rule : Zeros between non-zero digits are always significant • 100.5 - 4 • 0.20304 - 5 • 4050.06 - 6

  6. Station 3 • Zeros at the right end of a number are significant if there is a decimal point • 55,000. - 5 • 1.2900 - 5 • 19,640 - 4

  7. Station 4 • Zeros appearing in front of all nonzero digits are not significant • 0.394 - 3 • 0.0022658 - 5 • 0.04560 - 4

  8. Number of Significant Figures Example Rules Digits other than zero are always significant 56.1 3 Zeros between non-zero digits are always significant 4 3.108 Any final zero used after a decimal point is significant 4 4.320 Zeros used solely for spacing the decimal point (place holders) are not significant 400 1 0.01126 4

  9. Rounding With Significant Figures • Round the following to 3 significant figures • 3,412,820 • How many significant figures does this number have now? • 6 • What place will we round to? • Ten-thousand place • 3,410,000

  10. Rounding With Significant Figures • Round the following to 4 significant figures • 0.0246030 • How many significant figures does this number have now? • 6 • What place will we round to? • Hundred-thousandth place • 0.02460

  11. Learning Check • Working with a partner, round the following numbers to three significant figures. • 0.0061184 • 290.0

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