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SUSTRUS Results from a sustainability model for Russia. Christophe Heyndrickx (TML) Victoria Alexeeva-Talebi (ZEW) Natalia Tourdyeva (CEFIR). Overview. Sustainable Russia or SUSTRUS Overview of project results Conclusions. Overview. Sustainable Russia or SUSTRUS
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SUSTRUSResults from a sustainability model for Russia Christophe Heyndrickx (TML) Victoria Alexeeva-Talebi (ZEW) Natalia Tourdyeva (CEFIR) SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Overview • Sustainable Russia or SUSTRUS • Overview of project results • Conclusions SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Overview • Sustainable Russia or SUSTRUS • Overview of project results • Conclusions SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Sustainable Russia EU Sustainable development framework has four objectives • Environmental protection • Social equity and cohesion • Economic prosperity • Meeting international responsibilities Russian context? SUSTRUS Moscow conference
“Modelling… the SUSTRUS way” SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Model database SUSTRUS Moscow conference
National SAM National SAM Regional account data - production -consumption - wages - import & export Regional account data - production - consumption - wages - import & export Regional SAMs Regional SAMs Transport costs Trade flows and trade margins data Balanced Regional SAMs Constrained optimization Balancing procedure Cross-entropy Consistency check = Are trade flows and calculated margins correct and consistent with historical data Calibration SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Interrelated objectives Emissions Energy efficiency ENVIRONMENTAL MODULE Gini coefficientAtkinson Kakwani TRADE MODULE SOCIO-ECONOMIC MODULE Interregional tradeTrade opennessTrade balanceForeign investment GDPEquivalent variation ConsumptionInvestment SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Overview • Sustainable Russia or SUSTRUS • Overview of project results • Conclusions SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Application 1: Environment SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Application 2: Social SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Application 3: WTO accession SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Tariff reform? +Service liberalization: -> 10% decrease in fixed cost for foreign establishment (ad valorem tax rates : source WTO 2011) SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Main effects SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Import / export and output 2012 In absolute values SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Import / export and output 2015 In absolute values SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Inequality? SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Regional welfare effect 2012 SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Regional welfare effect 2015 SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Conclusions • SUSTRUS is a novel general equilibrium model that allows for a balanced sustainability impact analysis • Tests with the environmental model show that emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants can be reduced at relatively low cost and with the additional benefit of tax revenues • As far as taxation and redistribution are issues, we stress the importance of transfers and the recycling of tax revenues to measure welfare effects • A simulation of the WTO accession shows that the current reform leads to a modest improvement in welfare and output adjustment on long term. • Welfare effects of WTO accession are dependent on the accessibility of the region. Central, North West and Far East region have the largest benefits SUSTRUS Moscow conference
Thank youFor your attention SUSTRUS Moscow conference