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Lesson Overview

Lesson Overview. 16.1 Darwin’s Voyage of Discovery. Darwin’s Epic Journey. 1. Darwin developed the theory of biological evolution that explains how modern organisms evolved over long periods of time through descent from common ancestors.

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Lesson Overview

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  1. Lesson Overview 16.1 Darwin’s Voyage of Discovery

  2. Darwin’s Epic Journey • 1. Darwin developed the theory of biological evolution that explains how modern organisms evolved over long periods of time through descent from common ancestors.

  3. 2.Darwin sailed on the HMS Beagle’s for fiveyears to help map the coastline of South America. He collectedspecimens of plants and animals on the voyage.

  4. 3. Darwin filled his notebooks with observations about the characteristics and habitats of the different species he saw.

  5. 4. As he traveled, Darwin noticedthreedistinctive patterns of biological diversity: (1) Species vary globally, (2) species varylocally, and (3) species vary over time.

  6. Species Vary Globally • 5. Darwin noticed that different, yet ecologically similar, animal species inhabited separated, but ecologically similar, habitats around the globe.

  7. Species Vary Globally Rhea in South America Ostrich in Africa

  8. Species Vary Locally • 6.Darwin noticed that different, yet related, animal species often occupied different habitats within a local area.

  9. Species Vary Locally • 7.Galapagos islands are close to one another, yet they have different ecological conditions. Several islands were home to distinct forms of giant land tortoises.

  10. 8. Darwin saw differences among the giant land tortoises that inhabit the islands and learned from the islands’ governor that the tortoises’ shells varied in predictable ways from one island to another.

  11. Species Vary Locally • Darwin also observed that different islands had different varieties of mockingbirds, all of which resembled mockingbirds Darwin had seen in South America. • In addition, Darwin noticed several types of small brown birds on the islands with beaks of different shapes. He didn’t consider these smaller birds to be unusual or important—at first.

  12. Species Vary Over Time • 9. Darwin also collected fossils, which are the preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms.

  13. 10. Darwin noticed that some fossils of extinct animals were similar to living species. • 11. Fossils are preserved remains of traces of ancient organisms.

  14. Species Vary Over Time • One set of fossils unearthed by Darwin belonged to the long-extinct glyptodont, a giant armored animal similar to the armadillo. Darwin wondered if the armadillo might be related to the ancient glyptodont. Why had glyptodonts disappeared? And why did they resemble armadillos?

  15. 12.Darwin began to wonder whether different Galápagos species might have evolved from South American ancestors. • 13.The evidence suggested that species are not fixed and that they could change by some natural process.

  16. 16.1.1 State Charles Darwin’s contribution to science. • Darwin developed a scientific theory of biological evolution that explains how modern organisms evolved over long periods of time through descent from common ancestors. • evolution - change over time; the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms

  17. 16.1.2 Describe the three patterns of biodiversity noted by Darwin. • Biodiversity - the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem • Darwin noticed that different, yet ecologically similar, animal species inhabited separated, but ecologically similar, habitats around the globe.

  18. Species Vary Globally Rhea in South America Ostrich in Africa Darwin noticed that different, yet ecologically similar, animal species inhabited separated, but ecologically similar, habitats around the globe.

  19. Species Vary Locally • Darwin also observed that different islands had different varieties of mockingbirds, all of which resembled mockingbirds Darwin had seen in South America. • Darwin noticed that different, yet related, animal species often occupied different habitats within a local area.

  20. Species Vary Over Time • - Darwin noticed that some fossils of extinct animals were similar to living species. • fossil- preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms

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