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Conformal Computing Program July 26, 2007

Conformal Computing Program July 26, 2007. NDSU Center for Nanoscale Science & Engineering. Center for Bits and Atoms MIT Media Lab. CNSE CC Team. (not pictured: Ahana Gosh and Jordan Dahl). Wallpaper Computing Display. Extensible Medium Integrated Computation and Display

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Conformal Computing Program July 26, 2007

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  1. Conformal Computing ProgramJuly 26, 2007 NDSU Center for Nanoscale Science & Engineering Center for Bits and Atoms MIT Media Lab

  2. CNSE CC Team (not pictured: Ahana Gosh and Jordan Dahl)

  3. Wallpaper Computing Display • Extensible Medium • Integrated Computation and Display • Flexible Substrate • Similarities to Wallpaper

  4. WCD Prototypes • Rigid 2x2 and 8x8 Prototypes • Strip Concept • Strip Prototypes

  5. 2x2 Prototype

  6. Each processor scans 48 LEDs … Processor + R’s + C 4 x 4 RGB Pixels

  7. … and connects to 4 neighbors.

  8. 8x8 Prototype (1 processor and 16 pixels / cm2) computing side display side

  9. Chassis

  10. Strip Concept • Uses only two metal layers  Lower cost, thinner, more flexible • Strips combine to form sheets  Extensible

  11. 1x8 Strip Layout Layer 1 (display side) Layer 2 (computing side)

  12. 2nd Strip Prototype computing side display side

  13. Flat Strip Display • Top: thin 2-layer boards • Bottom: thick multi-layer boards • Must include processor-to-display cxns • No vias in strip-to-strip power distribution

  14. Applications • Application Services • CA Emulation • Distributed Graphics • Interactive I/O • Tactile Array • LED Camera

  15. Application Services • Provides common application functions • Functions include: • Initial program loading (IPL) • Display setting and refreshing • Inter-processor communication (IPC) • Message passing • Thread management • Subsequent program loading

  16. CA Emulation • Each cell has 8 configuration bits and 1 state bit • A text file format has been defined to specify the configurations and initial states of an array of cells • The text file is used to define the program to be loaded into a wallpaper computing display • A message passing sequence is used to exchange data between the subarrays emulated by individual processors

  17. Distributed Graphics • Purpose • Explore distributed applications capabilities using the 2x2 and 8x8 prototypes • Objective • Render a single graphics primitive (a quadrilateral) in a distributed fashion

  18. Approach • Load all processors with same program • Inject a message into the array via one of the peripheral processors; the message describes the primitive to be rendered • Each processor renders a sub-image and passes a copy of the message to two of its neighbors • Duplicate messages are discarded

  19. Algorithm A (a1, a2) B (b1, b2) border pixel D (d1, d2) outside pixel inside pixel C (c1, c2)

  20. Controller and 8x8 WCD

  21. Tactile Array Purpose Produce an example of actuation integrated with a conformal computer Objective Tactile array for sensory substitution

  22. Tactile Display Prototype Testbed for tactile transduction on forehead; uses biofeedback Sensor system Ultrasound range finders in fly’s eye configuration Accurate 3.5 meter range sensing Display system Electromechanical actuators Processing 3 microcontrollers in master-slave configuration

  23. Tactile Display Schematic

  24. Transduction produced by brush on plastic disk Stepper motor driven by Pulse-width modulation Short envelope duty cycle Performance No audible noise Relatively low power Stepper Motor & Brush

  25. LED Camera

  26. Programmable Cellular Arrays • (Larger Arrays of Microcontrollers) • Programmable Cellular Array ASIC • Assembling Large Arrays of ASICs • (Using the 3rd Dimension)

  27. CA Processors • Purpose • Scale processors down in size (and complexity) and up in number • Objectives • Design CMOS ASICs with arrays of simple computational cells • Consider sync & async approaches

  28. Single CA Cell

  29. Assembly Methods • Via-to-Pad • Roll-to-place (Part Printer) • FSA • R2R Flip-Chip on Flex • Selective Device Transfer

  30. Via-to-Pad

  31. Roll-to-Place • Parts are “printed” from dispensers • Dispensers are at fixed locations relative to the roll • (See MIT-CBA for dispenser mock-up)

  32. Nanoblocks

  33. FSA Process

  34. R2R Flip-Chip on Flex Automated Assembly Corporation

  35. Selective Device TransferFigure from www.zurich.ibm.com/st/server/selectivetrans.html

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