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Ch. 8 (7 th edition), part of Ch. 5 (8 th edition) Population Change

Ch. 8 (7 th edition), part of Ch. 5 (8 th edition) Population Change. Principles of Population Ecology. Population Ecology Study of populations and why their numbers change over time Population density The # individuals of a species/area or volume. Studying Populations.

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Ch. 8 (7 th edition), part of Ch. 5 (8 th edition) Population Change

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  1. Ch. 8 (7th edition), part of Ch. 5 (8th edition) Population Change

  2. Principles of Population Ecology Population Ecology Study of populations and why their numbers change over time Population density The # individuals of a species/area or volume

  3. Studying Populations • How to Study Populations:

  4. Bird bands

  5. Calculating Population Change Death rate Growth rate Emigration rate Birth rate Immigration rate r = (b – d) + (i – e)

  6. Maximum Population Growth Intrinsic Rate of Growth Growth rate under ideal conditions exponential growth

  7. Logistic Growth

  8. Population Crash Overshooting carrying capacity can lead to population crash

  9. Factors That Affect Population Size Density Dependent Factor Factor whose effect on population changes as pop. density changes Examples: • Food • Shelter

  10. Boom-Or-Bust Population Cycles

  11. Factors That Affect Population Size Density Independent Factors Factors that affect population size, but are not influenced by changes in population density Examples: Killing frost Severe blizzard Fire

  12. Reproductive Strategies r-selected species -Small body size - Early maturity - Short life span - Large broods - Little or no parental care Probability of long term survival is low Mosquitoes and Dandelions k-selected species Small broods Long life span Slow development Large body size Late reproduction Low reproductive rate Redwood trees and human beings

  13. Survivorship

  14. Metapopulations A set of local populations among which individuals are distributed in distinct habitat patches across a landscape Source habitats Sink habitats

  15. Metapopulations

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