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Chapter 6

Chapter 6. Section 3. Octavian. Octavian and his supporters believed that Rome needed a new form of government. The Senate (was filled with Octavian’s supporters) appointed Octavian consul, tribune, and commander in chief for life.

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Chapter 6

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  1. Chapter 6 Section 3

  2. Octavian • Octavian and his supporters believed that Rome needed a new form of government. • The Senate (was filled with Octavian’s supporters) appointed Octavian consul, tribune, and commander in chief for life. • Octavian gave himself the name Augustus which means Majestic One.

  3. The First Emperors • Augustus (Octavian) pretended to support the republic. • However he actually laid the foundation for a new state called the Roman Empire. • Augustus became Rome’s first emperor

  4. Augustus Caesar • Ruled from 27 BC to 14 AD. • He rebuilt Rome. • Made many new laws to fit into the Empire. • Proconsuls could no longer exploit the provinces. • Publican tax collectors were replaced with permanent employees. • Grain was imported from North Africa. • New roads built, Old ones repaired.

  5. Augustus Caesar • Augustus boasted that he had • “Found Rome a city of brick and left it a city of marble.”

  6. Augustus Caesar • In 31 BC there was a PaxRomana(meaning a Roman Peace). • The PaxRomana lasted 200 years. • Only problems occurred when new emperors came into power.

  7. Augustus Caesar • Augustus chose his own successor carefully. • However, he did not set a law for the other emperors after him. • This caused chaos.

  8. The Julian Emperors • The Julian Emperors refers to the four emperors who ruled from 14 AD until 68 Ad. • All four of these rulers ruled in a way that was close to Julius Caesar’s methods. • Each one had promise as an emperor but they soon showed their faults.

  9. The Julius Emperors • Augustus' adopted son – Tiberius – succeeded Augustus. • He ruined his leadership by accusing too many innocent people of treason.

  10. Tiberius • Gave new meaning to the law of treason. • Treason was now made to include any words or conduct, looks or gestures, which could be interpreted as hostile to the emperor.

  11. The Julius Emperors • Next came Caligula – who was Tiberius’ grandnephew. • He became mentally disturbed and was assassinated by a palace guard.

  12. Caligula • Rome had high hopes for Caligula. Everything was fine for the first little while. • However, it did not take long for them to realize what they got themselves into. • Caligula’s mind soon revealed all the symptoms of insanity.

  13. Caligula • He believed himself to be a god. • He wasted money on senseless projects. He built a bridge from Palatine hill to the Capitoline so that he could live next to Jupiter. • He lead an expedition against Britain. When he reached the seashore he changed his mind and told the soldiers to collect all of the sea shells and carry them to Rome because they spoil the ocean.

  14. Caligula • He nominated a horse for consul. • He spent 240,000 on one meal. • Threatened to set up his own image in the temple at Jerusalem to compel the Jewish to worship it.

  15. The Julius Emperors • Next came Claudius - a renowned scholar. • As he grew older be had a difficult time concentrating on affairs of state.

  16. Claudius Known as weak and timid. Constructed the Claudian aqueduct which brought water to the city from 45 miles away. Built the PortusRomanus at the mouth of the Tiber near Ostia. This harbor was where the grain supplies from Egypt came into Italy.

  17. The Julius Emperors • Next is Nero who was Claudius’ stepson. • He was cruel, vain, and insane. • He was willing to bankrupt Rome to pay for his own pleasures. • Horse racing and music

  18. Nero • His mother wanted to displace him and elevate Britannicus (Claudius’s son). • So Nero poisoned Britannicus. • He fell in love with Poppaea Sabina who was the most beautiful (and wicked) woman in Rome. • She convinced him to……………

  19. Nero • Murder end his wife and his mother and had many senators executed. • In the tenth year of his reign Rome caught on fire. About half of Rome was destroyed. • This fire caused Rome to built on a more magnificent scale. • Nero built a “Golden House of Nero”

  20. Nero • The senate, with the backing of the palace guard, sentenced Nero to death for crimes against the state. • He committed suicide and his last words were “What a loss I shall be to the arts!”

  21. Engineering an Empire - Rome - 2_9.mp4 • History of Rome 3_9.mp4 • History of Rome 4_9.mp4

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