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IMPACT OF DISTRIBUTED SOLAR ON SMUD’S PEAK LOAD Presentation to ACEEE August 13-18, 2006 Asilomar, California

Mike Keesee PV Project Manager Renewable Generation Assets SMUD. IMPACT OF DISTRIBUTED SOLAR ON SMUD’S PEAK LOAD Presentation to ACEEE August 13-18, 2006 Asilomar, California. Rob Hammon Principal ConSol. Premier Gardens.

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IMPACT OF DISTRIBUTED SOLAR ON SMUD’S PEAK LOAD Presentation to ACEEE August 13-18, 2006 Asilomar, California

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  1. Mike Keesee PV Project Manager Renewable Generation Assets SMUD IMPACT OF DISTRIBUTED SOLAR ON SMUD’S PEAK LOADPresentation toACEEEAugust 13-18, 2006Asilomar, California Rob Hammon Principal ConSol

  2. Premier Gardens

  3. Near-ZEH vs.. SMUD Advantage(60% Whole-House (35% Cooling Savings) reduction)

  4. Energy Efficiency Features

  5. Demographics • Similar price and size • Contemporaneous sales • Near-ZEH • More-experience buyers • More educated • Did more research prior to buying • Control • Larger families (larger bedrooms) • More wage-earners (2-3/household), more income

  6. Impact of ZEH on Mo. kWh

  7. ZEH vs.. “Control” SMUD Advantage Home -- Predicted vs.. Actual

  8. ZEH vs. Control January Bills

  9. ZEH vs. Control July Bills

  10. Near ZEH Peak Demand Potential • Side-by-Side Evaluation of ZEH vs. Non-ZEH Communities • Monitoring 18 homes in each community • Power production • Monitor energy savings/production (kWh) • Monitor peak demand savings (kW) • Monitor exports to grid • Distribution system impacts • Voltage flicker and harmonic distortion

  11. Over ¼ ZEH Not Contributing to Peak Reduction

  12. ZEH Peak Demand ReductionJuly, 2005 Avg High temp 98 degrees F Average 15 Minute Interval Peak Demand ZEH vs.. Non ZEH July, 2005 kW Avg Min Temp 65 degrees F 3.5 Avg Peak Demand Savings @ 5 pm 1.59 kW 55% less Average of ZEH Net Grid Load (kW) Average of Power Produced by PV (kW) 3 Average of Non-ZEH Net Grid Load (kW) Super Peak 4-7 pm 2.5 2 Avg Peak Demand Savings Noon -7 pm 1.82 kW 73% less 1.5 1 0.5 0 1 AM 4 AM 7 AM 1 PM 4 PM 7 PM 12 AM 10 AM 10 PM -0.5 -1

  13. ZEH Peak Demand ReductionJuly 9-15, 2005 Avg High temp 98.9 degrees F Avg. Peak Demand ZEH vs.. Non-ZEH July 9-15, 2005 kW Avg Min Temp 67 degrees F 3.5 Avg Peak Demand Savings @ 5 pm 1.51 kW 48% less 3 2.5 Super Peak 4-7pm Average of ZEHNet Grid Load (kW) Average of Power Produced by PV (kW) 2 Average of Non-ZEH Net Grid Load (kW) 1.5 Avg Peak Demand Savings Noon -7 pm 1.88 kW 74% less 1 0.5 0 1 AM 4 AM 7 AM 1 PM 4 PM 7 PM 12 AM 10 AM 10 PM -0.5 -1

  14. ZEH Peak Demand Reduction July 15, 2005 High Temp 107 degrees F Avg Peak Demand ZEH vs.. Non-ZEH July 15, 2005 Min Temp 71 degrees F 4 Avg Peak Demand Savings @ 5 pm 1.52 kW 47% less 3.5 Average of ZEH Net Grid Load (kW) Super Peak 4-7pm 3 Average of Power Produced by PV (kW) Average of Non-ZEH Net Grid Load (kW) 2.5 2 Avg Peak Demand Savings Noon -7 pm 1.95 kW 63 % less 1.5 1 0.5 0 7/15/05 7/15/05 7/15/05 7/15/05 7/15/05 7/15/05 7/15/05 7/15/05 7/15/05 7/15/05 7/15/05 7/15/05 0:15 2:15 4:15 6:15 8:15 10:15 12:15 14:15 16:15 18:15 20:15 22:15 -0.5 -1

  15. ZEH Peak Demand Reduction August, 2005 Avg High temp 96 degrees F Aug 05 ZEH vs.. Non-Zeh Net Grid Load Avg Min Temp 62 degrees F kW 3 Average of ZEH Net Grid Load (kW) Average of Power Produced by PV (kW) 2.5 Average of Non-ZEH Net Grid Load (kW) 1.07 kW Peak Savings @ 5 pm 43% 2 Super Peak 4-7 pm less 1.5 Avg Peak Demand Savings Noon -7 pm 1.28 kW 63% less 1 0.5 0 1 AM 2 AM 3 AM 4 AM 5 AM 6 AM 7 AM 8 AM 9 AM 1 PM 2 PM 3 PM 4 PM 5 PM 6 PM 7 PM 8 PM 9 PM 12 AM 10 AM 11 AM 12 PM 10 PM 11 PM -0.5 -1 Time

  16. ZEH Peak Demand Reduction July 31-Aug 5, 2005 Avg High temp 101.4 degrees F kW Avg Min Temp 65.3 degrees F July 31-Aug 5, 05 ZEH vs.. Non-Zeh Net Avg Grid Load 4 Average of ZEH Net Grid Load (kW) Average of Power Produced by PV (kW) 3.5 Average of Non-ZEH Net Grid Load (kW) 3 1.86 kW Peak Savings @ 5 pm 54% less Super Peak 4-7 pm 2.5 2 Avg Peak Demand Savings Noon -7 pm 1.74 kW 65% less 1.5 1 0.5 0 1 AM 4 AM 7 AM 1 PM 4 PM 7 PM 12 AM 10 AM 10 PM -0.5 Time

  17. 19:45 20:45

  18. Lessons Learned • Production builders will build ZEHs with proper products, incentives and support. • Super efficiency is essential. • ZEH production homes offer substantial utility bill savings. • ZEH home owners use less energy. • ZEH production homes offer potential for significant peak load reduction and distribution system benefits.

  19. Lessons Learned, But • Builders want branded, turnkey PV systems backed by long-term warranties and service. • PV System costs need to come down. • Need to build awareness among home buyers. • Limits to efficiency measures. • Peak Demand Reduction Matters! kWh/ kW, distribution system savings need to be documented and valued.

  20. Contact Mike Keesee Renewable Generation Assets SMUD (916) 732-5244 Mkeesee@smud.org

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