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Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry . Mass and quantity relationships among reactants and products in a chemical reaction. Method for Solving Stoichiometry Problems. What am I looking for? What do I know? What’s my plan? Let’s do it! Units / Sig Figs. 1 st Stoichiometry Problem Mole-Mole Relationships.

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Stoichiometry

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  1. Stoichiometry Mass and quantity relationships among reactants and products in a chemical reaction

  2. Method for Solving Stoichiometry Problems • What am I looking for? • What do I know? • What’s my plan? • Let’s do it! • Units / Sig Figs

  3. 1st Stoichiometry ProblemMole-Mole Relationships • In a space station, carbon dioxide exhaled by astronauts can be removed by a reaction with lithium hydroxide. This reaction produces solid lithium carbonate and liquid water (which may be used for other productive purposes on the space station). • How many moles of lithium hydroxide would be needed to remove 20.0 mol of CO2 (the average daily amount exhaled by a human)? • How many moles of water are produced daily from this reaction

  4. Mole Ratio Relates Products & Reactants

  5. 2nd Stoichiometry ProblemMass-Mole Relationships • When magnesium burns in air, it produces solid magnesium oxide. How many grams of magnesium oxide would be produced from 2.00 mol of magnesium?

  6. Mole Ratio Relates Products & Reactants

  7. 3rd Stoichiometry ProblemMass-Mass Relationships • Tinn (II) fluoride is added to toothpaste to help prevent cavities. It is made by the single replacement reaction of tin with gaseous hydrogen monofluoride. How many grams of tin (II) fluoride are produced from 30.00 g of hydrogen monofluoride?

  8. Mole Ratio Relates Products & Reactants

  9. Mole Ratio Relates Products & Reactants

  10. Helpful formulas that can be used in stoichiometry problems… • Density can be used to determine number of grams (which can then be used to determine moles) • density = mass/volume • D = m/V • Molarity can be used to determine moles contained in a solution • Molarity = molsolute/Lsolution • M = mol/L

  11. 4th Stoichiometry ProblemDensity • When pentane (C5H12) burns in oxygen, it produces carbon dioxide and water. If 85.5 g of pentane are burned, what volume of CO2 is produced? • Density of CO2 = 1.997 g/L

  12. 5th Stoichiometry ProblemMolarity of Solutions • How many grams of calcium carbonate (the active ingredient in antacid tablets) would be needed to completely neutralize 80.0 ml of 0.125 M hydrochloric acid (a less concentrated version of stomach acid)?

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