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REDUCING GHG FROM SHIPS Design & Operational Indexes

REDUCING GHG FROM SHIPS Design & Operational Indexes. Tripartite Meeting Bejing CCS Headquarter November 8/9, 2008. IMO ACTION. GHG on IMO agenda since 1998

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REDUCING GHG FROM SHIPS Design & Operational Indexes

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  1. REDUCING GHG FROM SHIPSDesign & Operational Indexes Tripartite Meeting Bejing CCS Headquarter November 8/9, 2008

  2. IMO ACTION • GHG on IMO agenda since 1998 • December 2003 – IMO Assembly adopts Resolution A.963(23), IMO Policies and Practices Related to the Reduction of GHG from Ships. Tasks MEPC to develop mechanisms to reduce GHG from shipping • MEPC attempts to make progress, but is hampered by developing countries insistence that Article 2.2 Kyoto Protocol applies, i.e. only Annex 1 countries are required to reduce GHG from shipping - “common but differentiated responsibilities”

  3. IMO ACTION • July 2005 – MEPC adopts MEPC/Circ.471, Interim Guidelines for Voluntary Ship CO2 Emission Indexing for Use in Trials • NOV 2007 – IMO Secretary General informs Assembly of his intentions to recommend to MEPC a way forward to expedite IMO work on GHG emissions from ships • APRIL 2008 – SG presents expedited work plan which proposes completion of tasks by July 2009 • OCTOBER 2008 – MEPC 58 considers issues

  4. IMO ACTION Issues considered: • Mandatory design index for new ships • Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan – for existing ships including: - Best practices to save energy used by the ship - Use of voluntary Operational Index (for each voyage & over a period of time/voyages) - Other voluntary operational measures - Energy inventory in general • Market based incentives, such as: - Global fuel levy or hybrid mechanism - Emissions trading schemes (ETS) and/or clean development mechanism (CDM)

  5. ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX • Mandatory for new ships • Each ship’s design index should be less than a maximum limit to be set by regulations • The maximum limit would decided based on a Base Line defined using data from existing ships • The maximum value of acceptable design index to be lowered in time

  6. ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX • Interim formulae agreed at MEPC 58 • Definitions of terms used to be completed (e.g. definition of power for diesel-electric propulsion systems not finalised) • Verification in two steps: • Plan approval (model testing) • Sea trials (final check) • Interim formulae on trials to be re-assessed by the intersessional meeting, March 2009

  7. PMEi Power of the Main Engine(s) – 75% of the MCR for each ME SFCMEi Specific Fuel Consumption of the ME (at 75% MCR) CFMAi/AE Carbon to CO2 correction factor PAE Required Auxiliary Engine power to supply normal maximum sea load when the ship is sailing at the voyage speed . Value given by: PAE = (0.025 x ΣMCRMEi) + 250 if PMA > 10,000 kW PAE= 0.05 x ΣMCRMEi if PMA < 10,000 kW SFCAE Specific Fuel Consumption of the Auxiliary Engines (at 50% of MCR) PPTI Power consumption of shaft motors PWHRrated electrical power generation of waste heat recovery system at PME PeffME power reduction due to innovative energy efficiency technology Capacity = DWT at the deepest operational draught of the ship Vref. Speed to be obtained. Vref., P and Capacity consistent with each other. fw coefficient indicating speed decrease in sea conditions (e.g. Beaufort Scale 6). Still to be defined. Until then, its value = 1 fj correction factor to account for specific design elements (e.g. ice class) feff availability factor of any innovative energy efficient technology fi capacity factor for any technical/regulatory limitation on capacity

  8. ENERGY EFFICIENCY DESIGN INDEX (simpler form) PMEi Power of the Main Engine(s) – 75% of the MCR for each ME SFCMEi Specific Fuel Consumption of the ME (at 75% MCR) CFMAi/AE Carbon to CO2 correction factor (i.e. how many tons of CO2 would be emitted by burning one ton of carbon; “rule of thumb” 3.1 ton of CO2 at 1 ton of carbon. It varies with the type of fuel, HFO/LSFO or MDO/MGO) PAE Required Auxiliary Engine power to supply normal maximum sea load when the ship is sailing at the voyage speed . Value given by: PAE = (0.025 x ΣMCRMEi) + 250 if PMA > 10,000 kW PAE= 0.05 x ΣMCRMEi if PMA < 10,000 kW SFCAE Specific Fuel Consumption of the Auxiliary Engines (at 50% of MCR) Capacity = DWT at the deepest operational draught of the ship Vref. Speed to be obtained. Vref., P and Capacity consistent with each other. fw coefficient indicating speed decrease in sea conditions (e.g. Beaufort Scale 6). Still to be defined. Until then, its value = 1

  9. DESIGN INDEX FORMULAE • Verification process: • Vref. to be deducted from model testing at ship’s maximum draught and at 75% MCR • Vref. to be obtained at the sea trials • Should the owner/designer need a higher Vref., then this should be established at design approval stage and better hull forms or more power be designed in • Shipbuilders/Shipowners to verify the interim Design Index formulae • The results to be used to checked the proposed Base Line for compliance

  10. Ship Efficiency Management Plan(SEMP) • ISM Compliant Efficiency Management Plan • Presented to MEPC at Oslo Meeting • Revised to reflect discussion at MEPC 58 • To be presented in final form to MEPC Intersessional GHG Meeting (Mar 09)

  11. Ship Efficiency Management Plan • Company Efficiency Management Plan • Application • Operational Index • Guidance on Best Practice (inter alia): • Voyage Planning & Weather Routeing • Speed Optimisation (slow steaming) • Trim & Ballast • Hull & Propeller Maintenance • Ship Efficiency Management Plan • Efficiency Assessment Table • Evaluation of the Table

  12. ENERGY EFFICIENCY OPERATIONAL INDEX • MEPC 58 agreed Operational Index is a voluntary tool to monitor each ship’s fuel consumption • Each voyage Index calculate as per MEPC/Circ. 471 • For tankers, MEPC 58 agreed to the Rolling Index Average suggested by INTERTANKO, OCIMF and BIMCO • Rolling Index Average for tankers calculates the fuel consumption per tone-miles for last 10 voyages

  13. VOLUNTARY ROLLING AVERAGEINDEX (for tankers) Method A – simple averaging of each voyage Operational Index Method B – applying the formulae of the proposed Rolling Average Index

  14. GHG EMISSION REDUCTIONSNEXT STEPS • Correspondence Group on the Operational Index and SEMP • Intersessional Meeting (9 to 13 March 2009) to finalise the Design Index, SEMP and Operational Index • MEPC 59 (July 2009) which may: • Approve regulations on the Design Index • Conclude or approve SEMP and voluntary Operational Index • Decide on how to tackle MBI

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