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Chapter Two, Lesson Three: The Rise of the Byzantine Empire

Chapter Two, Lesson Three: The Rise of the Byzantine Empire. Byzantine History and Culture. The Byzantine Empire lasted from 330 until 1453. Byzantine History and Culture. Byzantine Christianity Christianity was the state religion Emperor was viewed as God’s representative on Earth.

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Chapter Two, Lesson Three: The Rise of the Byzantine Empire

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  1. Chapter Two, Lesson Three: The Rise of the Byzantine Empire

  2. Byzantine History and Culture The Byzantine Empire lasted from 330 until 1453.

  3. Byzantine History and Culture Byzantine Christianity • Christianity was the state religion • Emperor was viewed as God’s representative on Earth. • Christianity was forced on others, especially Jews. • Jews were not allowed to build synagogues or join city life. • Jews were forbidden to study the work of their rabbis. • Forced conversions and massacres of Jews.

  4. Byzantine History and Culture Justinian • Most famous Byzantine Emperor • Ruled from 527-565 • His wife was Theodora, who as actually a “dancer” before they were married.

  5. Byzantine History and Culture Justinian’s Contributions • The Byzantine Church • Commissioned religious art • Rebuilt the Hagia Sophia (the famous church located in Constantinople). • Expanded Christianity throughout the empire.

  6. Byzantine History and Culture Justinian’s Contributions • Justinian Code • 528, Justinian gave 10 men the job of making a new set of laws based on the 1600 books of Roman law. • 529, Justinian Code is created. • 4652 Laws that govern all parts of Byzantine life. • Extended the rights of women, children, and slaves. • Gave harsh penalties for crimes including losing property, losing an eye or a hand, or death. • Justinian Code is so effective that many nations have used it as a model for their own laws.

  7. Byzantine History and Culture Justinian’s Contributions • Reclaiming “Lost Empire” • From 533-565, Justinian’s armies recovered land in Spain, all of Italy, and North Africa, but lands were soon lost after his death.

  8. The Persian Threat Battling over and reconquering lands in Europe distracted the Byzantine army from a more serious enemy…the Persians. • Persians were closely matched with the strength of the Byzantines. • Battled over control of Armenia • Fought Byzantines for 500 years, but neither could keep an advantage.

  9. The Persian Threat Early 600s • In a campaign that lasts for 17 years, the Persians conquer parts of Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Syria, Jerusalem, and Egypt. 627 • Byzantine Emperor Heraclius defeats the Persians and gains the land back. • Constant warfare weakened both empires. Heraclius

  10. Big Ideas…Lesson Three • The Byzantine Empire lasted for 1000 years. • After Rome fell, Byzantine Empire stayed. • Was a Christian empire. • Rulers can have both a positive and a negative impact on their lands. • Justinian persecuted Jews. • Justinian expanded Christianity • Justinian created a set of laws that affected the world.

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