Formative #2

1. Formative #2 Raynaldo 6b

2. mercury • The Planet Mercury is the closest planet to our sun and is the smallest planet in the solar system. • It is named after a roman god.Mercury is the first planet of our solar system and it is next to the sun. • Mercury characteristics it has 2 sides once that is very hot that facing to the sun and one is very cold in facing opposites ways. • 0.4 A.U. from the Sun on the average • Mercury (Hg) is an element and a natural part of our universe. It has been identified on the sun and found in meteorites and moon rocks

3. Venus • In astronomy mythology, Venus was the Roman goddess of love and beauty. In Greek, her name was Aphrodite. As we know Venus is the brightest planet in the milkyway galaxy. The color of Venus is more like caramel brown. • The diameter of Venus is 7,519 miles (12,100 km). • The temperature in the surface is about 860° Fahrenheit or 460° Celsius. • The length of day on Venus is 243 Earth days. a year on Venus is only 224.7 days

4. Earth • Earth is a small, rocky planet which supports a variety of life. As far as we know, Earth is unique from all other planets. • Earth is the 3rd planet from the sun, and the densest, 5th largest of the 8planets in the Solar System. • Earth is also the largest of the 4 terrestrial planets. It is sometimes called the blue planet because of its color or its latin name Terra • The Earth is the biggest of all the terrestrial planets. A terrestrial planet is a dense planet found in the inner Solar System. • About 30% of the Earth's surface is covered with land, while about 70% is covered by oceans. • Core: Innermost part of the earth • Mantle: 2nd layer of the earth • Crust: Outer layer of the earth • The average distance from the Earth to the Sun is also called 1 astronomical unit (or AU). This is established as 149, 597, 870.7 kilometers (92,955,887.6 miles).

5. Mars • Mars name is after the Greek God of war Martius and Martialis. • Mars were called the red planet because most of the rock in Mars in red so that’s why Mars is called the red planet. • It also has the Solar System's biggest volcano, Olympus Mons. • Mars is 228.000.000km away from the sun. Martian years is equal to 1.8809 earth years • The distance with Earth is 54.6 million miles. • Mars temperature is -55 c to -133 c. but when it is summer the temperature went up to 27 c • Mars spin on it axis every 24.63 hours. • Mars orbits Sun in 687 Earth day. 1 year in Mars is around 687 day in earth. • 1 day in mars is 24 hour and 39 minutes earth.

6. Jupiter • Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet within the Solar System. • One of the storm is called the Great Red Spot Jupiter is classified as a gas giant along with Saturn, Uranus and Neptune but it is the biggest of the gas giant and Jupiter have stronger winds and storms than Earth . • Together, these four planets are sometimes called as the Jovian or outer planets. • temperatures can reach -145° C • Jupiter is mostly made of gas such as helium, hydrogen and methane • Jupiter is the most stormiest planet in our solar system with wind that mostly reach 300 miles per hour and one of the strongest • longest storm by Jupiter to last is the great red spot in southern hemisphere and it has lasted for more than 300 years and the wind speed over 500 miles per hour

7. Saturn • Planet Saturn Name is from the roman god of agriculture. • Saturn are also called the gas Giants. • Saturn is the second biggest planet on the solar system. • Saturn is also famous because of its rings the rings of Saturn are made of mostly rocks and ice in Saturn there are like 53-60 Moon’s • Volume:744 More than Earth • Mass: 95 times more than earth • Distance from sun: 1.429.000.000. Kilometers • Distance From the closest planet:Jupiter and saturn are about 680 million miles. • Wide: about 7330 km • saturn is so cold this planet temperature is -250 deegres, this planet has hydrogen gas for 75% and helium for 25% • Sun orbiting: • Year’s:29.45 years • Speed: 9.69 km • Revolving: 10,759 Earth days

8. Uranus • Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun and the third of the 4 gas giants. • Uranus is 14.5 bigger then Earth. clouds.Uranus is outside the orbit of Saturn and inside the orbit of Neptune. • It is very far from the sun so Uranus is very cold . • Uranus has the 27 moons. Uranus was also the name of the Lord of the skies and also called Earth husband. • Uranus have 22 moons. • In Uranus there are 5 big moon and 10 smaller moon. • The 5 big moons are: Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania and Oberon. • The distance of Uranus and the sun is 1,9 billion miles.

9. Neptune • Neptune is the eighth planet in our solar system. • It is the farthest planet from the sun. It is the fourth largest. planet in the solar system, and is the third heaviest. • They have 13 moons, and one of them is called Triton, which is the largest of them all. It is bigger than the planet known as the dwarf planet, Pluto, but smaller than Earth. • Neptune is the eighth planet in our solar system. • It is the farthest planet from the sun. • It is the fourth largest planet in the solar system, and is the third heaviest • It is 54 times bigger than earth, and it is about 4 times the diameter of Earth • They have 13 moons • Neptune tilted around 28.3° and is tilting from right to left.

10. Meteorite • Meteoroid is a sand to a boulder sized particle of debris in the solar system. The visible path of a meteoroids that enters Earth’s atmosphere is known as the meteor or its called as the shooting star or the falling star. If a meteoroids reach a ground and it survives by not destroyed into a sand it is called the meteorite

11. Galaxy • Galaxy is the result of more than billions of star combining themselves into shapes that is now known as galaxy. It is a collection of stars, gas, and dust combine together because of gravity. The name Milky Way galaxy came from the name milky, which means the glowing band in the night sky.

12. Moons • Moon The natural satellite of Earth, visible by reflection of sunlight and having a slightly elliptical orbit.

13. Earth moon • The celestial object which revolves round the earth; the satellite of the earth; a secondary planet, whose light, borrowed from the sun, is reflected to the earth, and serves to dispel the darkness of night.

14. Asteroid • Asteroids are small, airless rocky, dry and dusty worlds revolving around the sun that are too small to be called planets, they also can be silicon based rock, some metals like nickel and iron, and carbon. They are also known as planetoids.

15. Star • A star is a sphere that is held together by the force of gravity. It is sometimes seen from earth but it is very small because the distance is very far from a solar system to another.

16. Sun • The Sun was named sol after the ancient roman name. The Sun was born in a vast cloud of gas and dust around 5 billion years ago, when that happen, the Sun began to have light and energy and heat because of the spark of the rocks. The sun is the main source of light and heat, all of the planets need it for them to be warm instead of being very cold and freezing.

17. comet • A comet is an icy small Solar System body (SSSB) that, when close enough to the Sun, displays a visible coma (a thin, fuzzy, temporary atmosphere) and sometimes also a tail. These phenomena are both due to the effects of solar radiation and the solar wind upon the nucleus of the comet.

18. Earths best sustain for life • Earth is unique in the Solar System as being the only planet which is able to support life in all its forms: from basic living micro-organisms to highly modern and intelligent human beings. There are many reasons why this happens: • Earth has a breathable atmosphere. Oxygen is the gas that is required for the life of most creatures. This is present in Earth's atmosphere and also in water. Oxygen is constantly put into the atmosphere by plants and trees. Earth's atmosphere also contains a small amount of carbon dioxide. • Earth has a suitable climate. This is caused by the enough amount of carbon dioxide in the planet's atmosphere, which is constantly refreshed whenever there is a volcanic eruption. The temperature on Earth does not go from one extreme to the other either. • Earth has water, Water is believed to be the most important chemical necessary for life. It contains the oxygen needed for life. Other liquids contain poisonous elements. Water doesn't burn skin (like liquids containing acids do), it is drinkable, and it allows life-providing molecules to move around easily. • All planets receive light from the sun, but no planets is as useful as earth, trees and plants produce oxygen through a process called photosynthesis.

19. Differences between earth and Neptune

20. Earth and Neptune differences • Earth: is the only planet in our solar system known to harbor life. All of the things we need to survive are provided under a thin layer of atmosphere that separates us from the uninhabitable void of space. Earth is made up of complex, interactive systems that are often unpredictable. Air, water, land, and life, including humans combine forces to create a constantly changing world that we are striving to understand. Earth is the third planet from the sun and the fifth largest in the solar system. Earth's diameter is just a few hundred kilometers larger than that of Venus. The four seasons are a result of Earth's axis of rotation being tilted more than 23 degrees. The Earth spins on an imaginary line called an axis that runs from the north pole to the south pole, while also orbiting the sun. It takes Earth 24 hours to complete a rotation on its axis, and roughly 365 days to complete an orbit around the sun. Earth has no rings such as Neptune and Jupiter. • Neptune: Neptune is the stormiest planet. The winds there can blow up to 1,240 miles per hour, that is three times as fast as Earth's Hurricanes. The planet has has a system of thin dark rings but they are incomplete rings and are best described as arcs. Neptune is a sea blue color due to the methane gas in its atmosphere. Neptune once had a great dark spot similar to Jupiter. Neptune only receives 1/900 of the solar energy that reaches Earth. Neptune has its own heat source, it emits a quantity of energy 2.7 times greater than it receives. Neptune has 8 known moons. Neptune is 30 times farther from the sun as is the Earth. It goes around the sun once every 165 Earth Years. The atmosphere is made up of Hydrogen, Helium and Methane. Neptune has a rocky core.

21. Earth and Neptune similarities • They're both blue and are that colour for similar reasons • The surface gravity is similar and the rocky centre of Neptune is close to Earth's in size. Earth and Neptune also have the largest satellites compared to their size among the eight major planets, and its axial tilt is similar to ours. There are also similarities between the Moon and Neptune's satellite Nereid, which are both unusually far out.