Breakout group #1 (Lindstrom/Molinari)

1. Breakout group #1(Lindstrom/Molinari)

2. Rationale 1) Heat not accounted for in current balances: • Global heat imbalance • Sea Level 2) Fate of Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide source? 3) Curiosity - The Deep as Unknown (Ecosystems, Hydrothermal vents, Physical Science, Archeological) – Wonderment factor, education 4) Engineering challenge of deep ocean – how to explore? Light, sound, animal explorers, telepresence, sensors, genomics, pressure, water, what are our sources of signals? 5) Role of deep ocean in geoengineering/mining

3. Science • Half of ocean volume, isolated from atmosphere, connections at high latitudes • Long time scale for chemical equilibration (hundred of years) • Small signals over huge volume • What are pathways to surface exposure • Variability/predictability – does deep ocean variability limit predictability or is it a source of predictability? • DOOS needed because of model deficiencies (convection, mixing, passages). • Are there key locations for science explorations? (Samoa passage, Denmark Strait)

4. Science (2) • Need to connect with mining interests on mid-ocean ridges; environmental impact studies • Need to determine ocean state and monitor pertibations • Connections to ice sheets (delivery of heat of under side of ice shelves) • What is nature of the upwelling branch of the MOC? (Abyssal recipes revisited?) • Time scales – fast processes in downwelling and upwelling vs slow processes in deep ocean circulation?Spectral gap?? • What is the role of continental slope and mid-ocean ridge is state of the deep ocean?

5. Contributing programs – Key existing and scalable programs NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration NSF OOI – Cable Observatories (Neptune, Venus, JAMSTEC) Seismic network Tsunami Network KM3 net (Med deep sea)

6. Contributing programs Submersibles ROV Deep gliders Deep ocean drilling program Mining exploration Oil exploration Animal explorers (sperm whales, elephant seals, jellies)

7. Major gaps and missing elements • Data sharing • Proprietary interests • Lack of continuous sampling • Accessibility issues • Lack of sensors and platforms and ships adequate fit for purpose • Sound in the ocean (need to turn it to a civil asset) • Integrated observation • Add videos to other sensors • Need more visualization tools • Real-time assimilation capabilities • Absence of synthesis

8. Priorities • Use feasibility and impact as criteria • Determine essential ocean variables and evaluate readiness of sensors (accuracy, stability for deep ocean) • Topography, T, S, Velocity, pressure, carbon (organic and inorganic suite), oxygen and oxygen consumption, nutrients, transient tracers (CFC, Sfl6, Tritium), geothermal flux (use He-3), tides, derived properties (mixing), photography, genomics, ecosystem, • Technology development to achieve more temporal and spatial resolution of physical properties • Mixing for model verification • Goship w/bio augmentation • Deep Argo • Telemetry

9. Strategy for implementation, integration, and marketing • Message the “unique challenges” of the deep ocean • Need to get message to higher levels of government about priority for deep ocean observations • Message to funding agency - Goship continuation • Need for disciplinary breadth – ecosystem, geophysics, vents, geochemistry, • Priority in Europe to optimize network (quantify impacts) • Write white papers from discipline perspective? (European paper exists – Progress in Oceanography) • Formulate a global strategy for deep ocean from component elements (SOOS, Euro, USA, Japan, etc)

10. Strategy for implementation, integration, and marketing • Trend setters and identifiable program – Deep Ocean must be addressed as a coherent program (ala Antarctica). • IMBER Science meeting – Engage Julie Hall with a Powerpoint • CLIVAR SSG – Eric to add DOW to Framework

11. Implementation/Rollout • WCRP JSC – Add DOW to Framework Rollout • IMBER Science meeting – Engage Julie Hall with a Powerpoint addition on DOW to Framework roll-out • CLIVAR SSG – Eric to add DOW report to Framework • SOOS – Contact Rintoul/Meredith/Gunn to incorporate SOOS in DOW report • IMOS – Contact Moltmann • EUROGOOS – Give talk on DOOS/EJL to talk to Dahlin • Japan Ocean Society meeting / Ocean Observing plan – Proposal to MEXT (Suga/OOPC and contacts provided by Masao) • NOAA – Climate Office/ARGO, Exploration/Beach, • Engage Sea Level Community -

12. Implemetation/Roll-out • NOAA – Climate Office/ARGO, Exploration/Beach-Biodiversity Lead, • CLIVAR project • Engage Sea Level Community – • Use Biodiversity workshop report • Develop session for Ocean Sciences February 2012 (proposals due soon) – ask Sylvia Garzoli to submit?scientific talks to help design the observing system, improve requirementsTown Hall meeting on this topic? or unofficial meeting [Eric could propose this] • WCRP OSC October 2011 – [probably too early]

13. Timeline • Roll-out concept to high-level groups • Turn DOW group notes into outline. • Get a small writing group to produce a draft DOOS plan (Beach, COML, Geophysics, Geochem, Technology Dev)

14. What is our measure of success? • In two years: • Established development program • Incorporated DOOS in GCOS, CLIVAR, IMBER, COML-follow • In five years: • Pilot program underway • OceanObs 2019 • Global sustained coverage in sight