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Structure of Solids

Structure of Solids. Chapter 11 Part III. Crystalline Solids with highly regular arrangement of components. Amorphous Solids with considerable disorder in their structure. Classification of Solids. X-ray Diffraction.

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Structure of Solids

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  1. Structure of Solids Chapter 11 Part III

  2. Crystalline Solids with highly regular arrangement of components Amorphous Solids with considerable disorder in their structure. Classification of Solids

  3. X-ray Diffraction • X-ray Diffraction is commonly used to determine the structure of a solid. • X-ray diffraction is explained on page 420.

  4. Crystalline Solids • A Lattice represents the regular positioning of the components of a crystal. • A Lattice is the three dimensional system of points designating the positions of the components. • The smallest repeating unit of the lattice is called the Unit Cell.

  5. Unit Cell-Simple Cubic, Body centered cubic & Face centered cubic.

  6. Types of Crystalline Solid • Ionic Solids: metal and non metal • Molecular solids: non metal and non metal • Atomic solids: single element

  7. Ionic Solids: metal and non metal • Ionic substances have ions at the point of the lattice that describe the structure of the compound. • Examples: NaCl, FeSO4, Al2S3

  8. Molecular solid: non metal and non metal • Molecular solids have discrete covalently bonded molecules at the end of each of its lattice points. • See ice →

  9. Atomic solids: single element • Atomic solids all have atoms at the points of the lattice that describes the structure of the solid. • This example is diamond a network covalent solid. • Other examples include, boron, silicon and all metals.

  10. Types of solids

  11. Atomic solids: Three types • Metallic Solids • Network Solids • Group VIIIA solids

  12. Metallic Solids • These have a type of delocalized non-directional covalent bonding. • Examples are Cs and Au

  13. Network Solids • The atoms bond to each other with strong directional covalent bonds that lead to macromolecules or networks of atoms.

  14. Group VIIIA solids • Noble gases are attracted to one another at low temperatures with weak London dispersion forces. • The examples are Kr and Xe. Both are cubic close packed.

  15. Summary

  16. Structure and Bonding in Metals

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