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Principles of Landscaping. Landscaping. The use of plants and inanimate materials to enhance the utility (function) and beauty (aesthetics) of an outdoor area. Value of landscaping. Manipulate environmental conditions Shade, light wind Increased property value Exercise, therapeutic
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Landscaping • The use of plants and inanimate materials to enhance the utility (function) and beauty (aesthetics) of an outdoor area
Value of landscaping • Manipulate environmental conditions • Shade, light wind • Increased property value • Exercise, therapeutic • More satisfying living experience • Increased privacy • Refuge for animal life • Control vehicular and pedestrian traffic • Hide unattractive areas • Reduce noise
Cost of landscaping • Cost • Quality of plants, materials • Procurement & installation • Age/size of plants • Recurrent costs • Water, chemicals, mulch • Time • Maintenance • Water, fertilizer, pest control, controlling plant growth
Landscape design • Surfaces: lawns, patios, terraces • Paths: materials (lawn, ground cover, stone, etc.) • Level changes: steps, slopes, retaining walls • Boundaries: walls, fences, hedges • Structures: garden buildings, pergolas, arches
Landscape design • Ornamental plants • Trees, shrubs, climbing plants, ground covers, herbaceous plants (annuals & perennials) • Specimens
Landscape design • Garden features • Kitchen garden, herb garden • Water features (pond, flowing water, fountain) • Ornaments & pots
Garden styles • Formal (clipped hedges, topiary, Oriental, still water, statuary)
Garden styles • Informal (Cottage)
Garden styles • Informal (woodland)
Garden styles • Themes (color, shape, repetition)
Garden styles • Modern (contemporary)
Landscape design • Site • Needs • Landscape principles • Plants • Materials/objects
Site analysis • soil texture & quality, drainage • utility of existing plants • location of underground and above ground utilities • good and bad views • focal points of interest • negative features of buildings and landscape • window locations • aspects of climate (sun rise/set, sun/shade patterns, wind directions)
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Elements of design • Features of plants that create moods • Color • Texture • Form • Line
Color principles • Colors influenced by light intensity • Background color important for effect of foreground plants • Reds, yellows – advance • Blues, greens - recede
Elements of design – texture • Leaves • Branches • Mulch
Elements of design - form • The 3-D shape of the plant canopy
Elements of design – line • Line is a boundary element • Shape & structure are defined by line
Line • Curved lines vs. straight lines
Principles of design • Simplicity • Balance • Focalization of interest • Rhythm & line • Scale or proportion