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Introduction- Tax Value

Introduction- Tax Value. How are people using stacked ecosystem services? “Bringing Ecosystem Services to Market” (**can we mention?) Broad spatial scale ( Costanza ) or very small scale. Introduction- Tax Value. How are we evaluating stacked ecosystem services?

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Introduction- Tax Value

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  1. Introduction- Tax Value • How are people using stacked ecosystem services? • “Bringing Ecosystem Services to Market” (**can we mention?) • Broad spatial scale (Costanza) or very small scale

  2. Introduction- Tax Value • How are we evaluating stacked ecosystem services? • Compare tax value of a continually urbanizing region with high property values to dollar value of stacked ecosystem services • How does the dollar value of the stacked ecosystem services –nutrient retention, storm-water runoff mitigation, carbon storage, pollination – compare to property values in the study region? • If property values are much higher than ES values, it’s hard for ES to compete. • In an area with rapid development and increasingly high land values, will the value of stacked services be able to compete? • By creating stacked services markets, would it be likely to save land from development?

  3. Methods- Study Site • Upper Neuse River Basin, Central North Carolina • Current Population = 190,000 • Projected Population in 2025 = 280,000 • Size of Site = (**NEED VALUE) www.unrba.org

  4. Methods- Tax Value • Land Valued at XX to $8.3 million • Taken from Triangle Land Conservancy • Portions of 6 counties: Durham, Franklin, Granville, Orange, Person, Wake • Convert Tax Value to $/900 sq-m (30 meter resolution) • Division of quantiles (**show picture of scale) • Higher tax value in urban area • Land prices in comparison to rest of NC??

  5. Methods- Water Runoff • Cost estimates associated with various storm-water BMPs if forest and agricultural areas are developed • InVEST Water Yield Model • Used to determine how much water would be newly introduced to urban areas by converting agricultural and forest land cover/land use data from 2001. • Assume change in water yield is the run-off expected if those areas were developed. • Costs of storm-water BMP’s not available for Upper Neuse River Basin • Substituted values for study performed in Mecklenburg County, NC (American Forests, 2010) • Unit cost of $2/cubic ft to mitigate additional storm-water runoff • Unit cost of $6/cubic ft to mitigate additional storm-water runoff

  6. Methods- Nutrient Retention • Nitrogen Loading Caps: • NCAC 15A Rule .0234 and .0279.Rule .0234 (6) (A) • Entire Upper Neuse Watershed • Point Source Loading of Falls Lake Dam = 15% of entire watershed • Cost: • NC DENR/DWQ WARMF Report • Estimates a future Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEF) nitrogen offset rate of $44/lb of nitrogen • Standardized 5% discount rate

  7. Methods- Carbon • High Value: • Average Value: • Low Value:

  8. Methods- Pollination • Local bee keeper estimate for managed pollinators • $40-60 per pallet using 1-2 pallets per acre for one season. • Average/High Value: • $50 for 1 pallets, 1 acre, 1 season • INPUT VALUE = $300 for 2 pallets, 1 acre, 3 seasons • Reclassified value output raster to percentiles • Converted cost per acre to cost per 900 sq m (pixel size) • $300/acre for best pollination services = $66.72/pixel for best pollination services • Scale to percentiles in pollination value output raster

  9. Methods- Stacked ES Values Overlay all value maps: Areas of high dollar value for ES are lighter.

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