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DBA’s New Best Friend: Oracle Database 10g and 11g SQL Performance Analyzer

DBA’s New Best Friend: Oracle Database 10g and 11g SQL Performance Analyzer. Kurt Engeleiter Product Manager Database Manageability. Outline. SQL Performance Analyzer (SPA) – Introduction Recommended Testing Methodology Usage Scenarios Evaluating Changes on Production System

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DBA’s New Best Friend: Oracle Database 10g and 11g SQL Performance Analyzer

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  1. DBA’s New Best Friend: Oracle Database 10g and 11g SQL Performance Analyzer Kurt Engeleiter Product Manager Database Manageability

  2. Outline • SQL Performance Analyzer (SPA) – Introduction • Recommended Testing Methodology • Usage Scenarios • Evaluating Changes on Production System • 10.2  11g DB Upgrade • SPA Enhancements in Oracle Database 11g Release 2 • SPA Exadata Simulation • Conclusion

  3. SPA Motivation • Businesses need to adapt to changes to stay competitive, compliant and evolve • DB upgrades, schema, optimizer statistics refresh • SQL performance regressions: #1 cause of poor system perf. • Current testing landscape and limitations • Expensive capture, partial workload, non-production optimizer context, binds • Large workloads (100Ks SQL stmts are common) • Manual and time consuming testing and regression tuning • No end-to-end testing solution • Test In Production is not too uncommon SQL Performance Analyzer (SPA) • Proactively detects ALL SQL regressions, BEFORE actual change is deployed • Integrated comprehensive solution for end-to-end SQL workload testing

  4. SPA Overview • Helps users predict the impact of system changes on SQL workload response time • Low overhead capture of SQL workload to SQL Tuning Set (STS) on production system • Build different SQL trials (experiments) of SQL statements performance by test execution • Analyzes performance differences • Offers fine-grained performance analysis on individual SQL • Integrated with STS, SQL Plan Baselines, & SQL Tuning Advisor to form an end-to-end solution SQL Workload STS SQL plans + stats SQL plans + stats Pre-change Trial Post-change Trial Compare SQL Performance Analysis Report

  5. SQL Trials • SQL Trials capture execution performance (plans and statistics) of the STS under a given environment • SPA Trials handle the SELECTS and query part of DML, DDL is skipped • There are 3 methods to build SQL Trials: • Execute SQL Locally or Remotely • Test execute statements in actual environment • For remote execution, database link needs to be specified • Generate Plans Locally or Remotely • Generated execution plans have bind visibility, so better than vanilla “explain” • Quick way to check if wide-spread changes to SQL plans • Build from STS • Convert STS to SQL Trial • Use for SQL centric analysis with DB Replay or other testing tools • Use for 9i/10.1 upgrade to higher releases

  6. SPA: Common Usage Scenarios • Database upgrades and patch-set releases • 9.2/10.1 10.2 or 11g releases • 10.2.0.x 10.2.0.y or 11g releases • Optimizer statistics refresh • Database parameter changes • Database schema changes (e.g., add/drop indexes) • Implementation of tuning recommendations • I/O subsystem changes (e.g., ASM, Exadata) • SPA can be used for: • any change that affects SQL execution plan & performance • in production as well as test environments Information for use cases on OTN/ML Note: 560977.1

  7. SPA: Enterprise Manager Interface • Rich GUI through Enterprise Manager – New workflows added! • DBMS_SQLPA package PL/SQL API New Workflows !

  8. Recommended Testing Methodology

  9. Real Application Testing: Recommended Methodology 1. USE SPA FOR SQL RESPONSE TIME / UNIT TESTING No DONE? Yes 2. USE DB REPLAY FOR LOAD / CONCURRENCY TESTING DONE? No Yes DEPLOY CHANGE & TUNING

  10. Recommended Testing Methodology with SPA 1. CAPTURE REPRESENTATIVE SQL WORKLOAD TO STS • Use Production or identical Test System • Test one change at a time to understand causality 2. ESTABLISH BASELINE (SQL TRIAL-1) WITHOUT CHANGE • Reports show deviations from production 3. MAKE CHANGE, ESTABLISH SQL TRIAL-N • Compare Baseline to Trial-N in the same environment • For incremental tuning: Compare Trial N-1 to Trial-N 4. COMPARE TRIALS & REVIEW SPA REPORT, REMEDIATE 5. Deploy Change & Tuning to PROD OR further testing thru DB Replay Yes No DONE?

  11. Usage Scenario: Evaluating Changes On Production

  12. Using SPA For Changes in Production: Example Prod +Add indexes And so on… Parameter change was bad in this case 1. Fix Regression thru SPM +Index Unusable +Parameter Change +New Stats Change +Validate Tuning +Partitioning Fix Regression SQL Profile +SQL Profile • Bubble following the arrow indicates the delta change on Production • SPA is used for testing every change

  13. How to Minimize Impact on Production? • Generate Plan Vs Test Execute • Use Generate Plan Trial Method to subset SQL with plan changes • Only test execute SQL with plan changes • Limit testing scope to private session or schema where possible • Use alter session set <parameter> = <value>; (Vs system) • Example usage for SQL Profiles: • alter session set sqltune_category= ‘TEST’; • Implement SQL Profiles and test Only sessions with “TEST” sqltune_category see these Profiles - private scope!! • alter session set sqltune_category= ‘DEFAULT’; -- Now SQL Profiles visible globally to all sessions • Similarly for Invisible Indexes, Pending Stats • Use SPA time limit to control resource usage • Test during maintenance window or non-peak activity when spare resources are available

  14. Using SPA on Production: Evaluating Optimizer Statistics Refresh and other changes Scenario: Can I use SPA to check if any SQL statements regressed due to optimizer statistics refresh on my 10.2/11g production databases? If so, how? Goal: Assess impact of optimizer statistics gathering on SQL workload performance on production system using SPA & make sure are no negative effects of the change

  15. Evaluating Optimizer Statistics Refresh • Assumptions • Statistics refreshed periodically through custom jobs • No test system available, so evaluation is done on production • Should impact end-users minimally • Test using optimizer pending statistics feature • Use SPA remote trials capability (generate plan and test execute) to evaluate statistics refresh on 10.2/11g production database • Analyze SPA report and take appropriate action • Overall improvement but few SQL regressions • Solution: Use SQL Profiles or Plan Management • No improvement and many regressions • Solution: Revert to old statistics: Use optimizer statistics retention/history feature. Alternatively, configure optimizer statistics appropriately* • For Oracle Database 11g, “publish pending” statistics after evaluation of statistics OBE Tutorial on OTN: Gathering and Publishing Stats Independently

  16. Using SPA on Production: Evaluating Optimizer Statistics Refresh Production Database (10.2/11g) No Test Database Used!! 11g SPA System Prod: Before Stats • No app schema/data necessary • Not Mandatory for 11g db • Repository for many tests! Remotely Build SQL Trials Evaluate Opt Statistics Refresh Prod: Stats Refreshed • Capture SQL workload to STS 2. Import STS 3. Gather Pending Stats • Use SPA to detect performance changes 5. Publish Pending Stats and Remediate Regressions

  17. Usage Scenario: End-to-End Case Study for 10.2  11g Upgrade

  18. 10.2 11g DB Upgrade Using Enterprise Manager Grid Control (EMGC) 10.2.0.5 Scenario: I want to upgrade from 10.2 to 11g database release to benefit from 11g functionality. How can I best accomplish the upgrade? Goal: Assess impact of upgrade on SQL workload performance using SPA so that there are no surprises after upgrade. Once migrated to 11g new features can be enabled one at a time. Use EMGC 10.2.0.5 for this purpose…

  19. Prod DB (10.2) Send SQL for Remote Execution Collect execution stats 2. Transport STS 3. Establish 10.2 and 11g Trials 4. Compare performance and generate SPA report 10.2  11g DB Upgrade Production Database Test Database Test DB (11g) Upgrade Upgrade Test DB (10.2) • Capture SQL workload to STS 11g SPA System 5. Deploy Tuning and Change to Prod

  20. 10.2  11g DB Upgrade(1) Capture Workload to STS Steps 1: Capture workload into STS through Incremental Capture Workload into STS:Preferred method Other sources for STS also possible: Top SQL in AWR / AWR Baseline

  21. 10.2  11g DB Upgrade(1) Capture Workload to STS

  22. 10.2  11g Upgrade • Capture SQL workload to STS 2. Transport STS 3. Establish 10.2 and 11g Trials 4. Compare performance and Generate SPA report 5. Deploy Tuning and Change to Prod

  23. 10.2  11g DB Upgrade (2) Transport STS • Step 2: • Copy STS to SPA system • Setup Test DB (Copy of Prod) – 10.2 • Upgrade Test DB from 10.2 to 11g

  24. 10.2  11g DB Upgrade • Capture SQL workload to STS 2. Transport STS 3. Establish 10.2 and 11g Trials 4. Compare performance and Generate SPA report 5. Deploy Tuning and Change to Prod

  25. 10.2  11g DB Upgrade (3) Establish 10.2 and 11g Trials

  26. 10.2  11g Upgrade • Capture SQL workload to STS 2. Transport STS 3. Establish 10.2 and 11g Trials 4. Compare Performance, Generate SPA Report 5. Tune Regressions, Deploy Tuning and Change to Prod

  27. 10.2  11g DB Upgrade (4) Compare Performance and Generate Report 3 Note tuning/regression fix is done on remote test system that is being upgraded 2 5* 1 4

  28. SPA Report Regressed SQL Statements

  29. 10.2 11g Upgrade • Capture SQL workload to STS 2. Transport STS 3. Establish 10.2 and 11g Trials 4. Compare performance and Generate SPA report 5. Tune Regressions, Deploy Tuning and Change to Prod

  30. 10.2  11g DB Upgrade (5) Regression Remediation • If SPA system has application data/schema, tuning can be done locally on the same DB • If a separate SPA system is used, manually* subset SQL into a separate STS and then use EM to transport it to remote DB • Create SQL Plan Baselines: Helps revert to previously known, stable plans • SQL Tuning Advisor: Helps explore better execution plans • All regressed SQL are targeted automatically for remediation * Code snippet in Real Application Testing Users Guide (11.2), Chapter 11 Page 23

  31. 10.2  11g DB Upgrade (5) Regression Remediation

  32. 10.2  11g DB Upgrade(5) Deploy Tuning and Change in Production

  33. 10.2  11g Upgrade • Capture SQL workload to STS 2. Transport STS 3. Establish 10.2 and 11g Trials 4. Compare performance and Generate SPA report 5. Tune Regressions, Deploy Tuning and Change to Prod

  34. Demo SPA

  35. SPA Enhancements in Oracle Database 11g Release 2

  36. SPA Enhancements: Oracle Database 11g Release 2 • Multiple test executes for better trial accuracy – first execution ignored, averaged stats • Alternate Plans: New recommendation added for regression remediation • If a better execution plan was noticed in AWR or baseline SQL Trial then a SQL Plan Baseline can be created from it • Active Reports • New interactive, offline reports based on Adobe Flash Player UI • Customers can share reports internally or with Oracle Support • Save, email, View Reports • Support can diagnose problems more efficiently • Get EM UI without installing EM – useful for packaged apps and internal development teams • SPA Active Report Example

  37. SPA Exadata Simulation: Estimating Exadata Server Performance Gains

  38. Predicting performance gains with SPA Existing SPA and Database Replay functionality can be used to compare non-Exadata to Exadata configurations SPA: Unit test to find SQL response time gains DB Replay: Stress test with concurrency to find throughput gains Measure improvements for your workload This approach requires you to provision Exadata HW Oracle Database Release 11.1.0.7: Adds SPA functionality to simulate Exadata on existing hardware to predict gains Oracle Database Release 11.2: Adds SPA GUI support Simulation measures reduction in I/O interconnect usage that will in turn, reduce IO and CPU consumed on the DB server

  39. SPA Exadata SimulationWorkflow SPA Exadata Simulation builds two SQL Trials: Trial 1: Current configuration with No Exadata Trial 2: Current configuration with Exadata simulation Comparison metric – I/O Interconnect Bytes Trial 1 value = I/O Interconnect (disk) bytes Trial 2 value is reduced depending on SQL operation eligibility (for full table scans, index full scans, etc.) Plans will not change between trials

  40. SPA Exadata Simulation Workflow

  41. SPA Exadata Simulation: Report

  42. SPA Report: SQL Details

  43. Conclusion • SPA provides comprehensive and easy-to-use solution for SQL workload testing • SPA can be used for many changes both test and production environments • Helps adopt technology faster by significantly cutting down testing costs and production deployment risk • With SPA and Real Application Testing businesses can be stay competitive and improve profitability

  44. Important Resources Oracle Database Manageability http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/manageability/database/index.html Oracle Database 2-Day DBA Guide http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e10897/toc.htm Oracle Real Application Testing User’s Guide http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e12254/toc.htm SPA Active Reports http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/manageability/database/sqlpa.html

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