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What is ergonomics? • Ergonomics is the science of fitting workplace conditions and job demands to the capabilities of the working population. Effective and successful "fits" assure high productivity, avoidance of illness and injury risks, and increased satisfaction among the workforce. Although the scope of ergonomics is much broader, the term here refers to assessing those work-related factors that may pose a risk of musculoskeletal disorders and recommendations to alleviate them. Common examples of ergonomic risk factors are found in jobs requiring repetitive, forceful, or prolonged exertions of the hands; frequent or heavy lifting, pushing, pulling, or carrying of heavy objects; and prolonged awkward postures. Vibration and cold may add risk to these work conditions. Jobs or working conditions presenting multiple risk factors will have a higher probability of causing a musculoskeletal problem. The level of risk depends on the intensity, frequency, and duration of the exposure to these conditions. Environmental work conditions that affect risk include intensity, frequency and duration of activities.
1) REPETITIVE STRESS INJURIES 2) BACK PAIN COMMON DISEASE RELATED ERGONOMICS 4) MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS (MSDs) 3) EYE STRAIN
1) REPETITIVE STRESS INJURIES • Repetitive Stress Injuries (RSI) can occur due to prolonged use of the hand, causing a number of symptoms such as pain, burning, swelling, tigling, numbness, loss of dexterity and weakness. • RSI is also known by oter names, such as Occupational Overuse Syndrome (OOS). Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD) and Repetitive Motion Syndrome (RMS).
2) BACK PAIN • Back pain can happen when you sit on chair for a long period of time. It may also have worsened an existing back or neck problem. • Usually when you sit in front of a computer, you are putting yourself in a static posture. This increase pressure on your back, neck, shoulders, arms and legs as well as backmuscles and spinal discs.
3) EYE STRAIN • Your eyes can also become strained when you work in a place with bad lighting conditions; a lot of glare or with a flickering screen.
4) Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) • The Europian Agency for Safety and Health at Work defines Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) as impairments of bodily structures such as muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments, nerves, bones, and the localized blood circulation system that caused or aggravated primarily by work and environment.
PROPER ERGONOMICS DESIGN • Adjust the height of your work surface or table • Use a well-designed chair that supports your back and can be adjusted in height and tilt. • Position the keyboard appropriately so that it allows your forearms to be in line with your hands • Adjust your seat to allow your eyes to be at comfortable level with the screen. • Place a document holder close to the computer screen to help you reduce the movement of your head. • Do not sit in a rigid and stiff manner; change your posture frequently • Take shorts break frequently rather than long infrequent ones • Ensure the source of your lighting is bright enough for you to work with your computer • Release the mouse at frequent intervals so that you can avoid pressure on the wrists
