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motion

motion. How can we tell if an object has moved??. Motion : when an object changes its position relative to a reference point Frame of Reference: a coordinate system in which the position of the objects is measured

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motion

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  1. motion

  2. How can we tell if an object has moved??

  3. Motion: when an object changes its position relative to a reference point Frame of Reference: a coordinate system in which the position of the objects is measured ReferencePoint: where the x-axis and the y-axis of the frame of reference intersect Motion and Position

  4. Distance: how far an object has moved Displacement: the distance and direction of an object’s change in position from the starting point Distance vs. displacement

  5. Can the displacement of an object every be more than the distance an object traveled? Distance vs. displacement

  6. A squirrel runs 4.8 m across a lawn, stops and runs 2.3 m back in the opposite direction. What is the squirrels displacement from its starting point? Displacement = 4.8 m – 2.3 m = 2.5 m Calculating displacement

  7. A cyclist leaves home and rides due east for a distance of 45 km. She returns home on the same bike path. What is her displacement? Displacement = 45 km – 45 km = 0 km Calculating displacement

  8. Speed: the distance an object travels per unit time Speed (s) = distance (d) / time (t) speed

  9. Speed metres Speed = distance traveled time taken Metres per second (m/s) seconds

  10. Speed kilometres Speed = distance traveled time taken Kilometres per hour (km/h) hours

  11. Units of speed

  12. A car traveling at a constant speed covers a distance of 750 m in 25 s. What is the car’s speed? Distance = 750 m Time = 25 s s = d/t 750/25 = 30 m/s Practice calculating speed

  13. What if we know the speed of an object and the time it moved for and need to calculate the distance traveled? speed = distance/time Distance = speed x time Distance traveled

  14. Mrs. Cowley’s drive to work takes her 30 minutes. If she drives at an average speed of 80 km/h, what is the distance between the school and her house? d = s x t d = 80 km/h x .5 h d = 40 km calculating distance traveled

  15. ConstantSpeed: no acceleration or deceleration occurs AverageSpeed: the speed of motion when speed is changing over time Instantaneousspeed: the speed at a given point in time Motion with constant speed

  16. What are 2 examples of motion in which the instantaneous speed changes? Learning check

  17. Distance-timegraph: shows the motion of an object over a period of time Time is plotted on the x-axis Distance is plotted on the y-axis Graphing motion

  18. Straightline: the object moves with a constant speed Steeperslope = faster movement Horizontalline = object is at rest Graphing motion

  19. Curvedlines: to the right = getting slower, to the left = getting faster Graphing motion

  20. Velocity: includes the speed AND direction of an object Velocity

  21. Acceleration: the rate of change of an objects velocity Acceleration occurs when an object changes speed, direction or both Acceleration

  22. a = Vƒ - Vί t a = acceleration Vί = initial velocity Vƒ = final velocity t = time Acceleration Equation

  23. A plane stars at rest on a runway. After 20 seconds the speed of the plane is 80 m/s. Calculate the acceleration of the plane. a = Vƒ– Vί t a = 80 m/s – 0 m/s 20 s a = 4 m/s Practice Problem

  24. A skateboarder is slowing down to a stop. He is moving at a speed of 3 m/s. He comes to a stop in 2 seconds. Calculate the skaters acceleration. a = Vƒ – Vί t a = 0 m/s – 3 m/s 2 s a = -1.5 m/s Practice Problem

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