Mastering Digital Media Creation and Distribution

1. Chapter 6: Digital Media for Work and Leisure Succeeding with Technology: Second Edition

2. Objectives • Understand the uses of digital audio and today’s digital music technologies • Describe the many uses of 2D and 3D digital graphics and the technologies behind them • Explain the technologies available to acquire, edit, distribute, and print digital photos, and list new advances in video technologies and distribution • Discuss how interactive media is used to educate and entertain Succeeding with Technology

3. Digital Music and Audio • Digital audio • Any type of sound recorded and stored digitally as a series of 1s and 0s • Digital music • Subcategory of digital audio that involves recording and storing music • Digitization of music and audio • Has created new challenges to the creative and intellectual property rights of artists Succeeding with Technology

4. Digitizing Music and Audio • Sound • The displacement of air particles caused by vibration and sensed by the eardrum • Analog • Signals that vary continuously • Sampling • Used to encode sound wave as binary numbers Succeeding with Technology

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6. Digital Sound for Professionals • Digital voice recorders • Used to capture dialog for future reference • Digital sound in scientific research • Have used digital audio to study various natural phenomena • Digital sound in law enforcement • Uses digital processing to denoise, enhance, edit, and detect sounds • Digital sound in entertainment and communication • Uses a wide variety of audio hardware and software Succeeding with Technology

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8. Digital Music and Audio Production – Professional Music Production • Multitrack recording devices • Treat each instrument or microphone as a separate input, or track • Synthesizer • Electronically produces sounds designed to be similar to the sounds of real instruments • Sampler • Digitally records real musical instrument sounds Succeeding with Technology

9. Digital Music and Audio Production (continued) • Sequencer • Allows musicians to create multitrack recordings • Musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) protocol • Implemented in 1983 • Provides a standard language for digital music devices to use in communicating with each other • Integrated digital studios • Package many digital recording devices in one unit for convenient home recording Succeeding with Technology

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11. Digital Music and Audio Formats, Storage Media, Players, and Software • Digital music and audio file formats • Most often distributed on CDs • Increasing trend towards distribution over Internet • Digital music and audio storage media • Burned to CD in special format designed for audio CDs • Digital music, audio players, and software • Media player software (iTunes) • Portable MP3 players Succeeding with Technology

12. Digital Music and Audio Distribution • Illegal downloading and copying • Said to have cost music industry $6 billion between 1998 and 2003 • Caused a loss of 22 percent of the entire music market • Apple’s iTunes • First service to capture attention of music downloaders Succeeding with Technology

13. Digital Music and Audio Distribution (continued) • Big four online music services • iTunes, MSN Music, Napster, and Rhapsody • Streaming audio • Internet technology that plays audio files as they are being delivered • Digital rights management (DRM) • Technology invented to protect intellectual property in digital files • Satellite radio • Digital radio that uses satellite communications Succeeding with Technology

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15. Digital Graphics • Computer-based media applications that support • Creating, editing, and viewing 2D and 3D images and animation • Not the exclusive domain of artists • Artistic and nonartistic people • Are finding themselves called upon or inspired to create digital artwork Succeeding with Technology

16. Digitizing Graphics • Pixels • A grid of small points • Bit-mapped graphicsor raster graphics • Representing an image using bytes • Ideal for representing photorealistic images • Pixilation or fuzziness • Occurs when bit-mapped images are made larger than the size at which they are captured • Vector graphics • Use bytes to store geometric descriptions Succeeding with Technology

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19. Graphics File Formats • Standards • Windows bitmap (.bmp) • Graphics Interchange Format (.gif) • Joint Photographic Experts Group (.jpg or .jpeg) • Portable Network Graphics (.png) • Tagged Image File Format (.tiff or .tif) Succeeding with Technology

20. Graphics File Formats (continued) • Lossless compression • Allows the original data to be reconstructed without loss • Lossy compression • Accepts some loss of data to achieve higher rates of compression • File sizes and image quality • Can be controlled by adjusting the color depth Succeeding with Technology

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22. Uses of Digital Graphics • Digital art • Uses computer software as the brush and the computer display as the canvas • Scientific visualization • Uses computer graphics to provide visual representations that improve our understanding of some phenomenon • Computer-assisted design (CAD) software • Assists designers, engineers, and architects in designing three dimensional objects Succeeding with Technology

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25. Vector Graphics Software • Provides tools to create, arrange, and layer graphical objects on the screen • Vector graphics • Uses object-oriented approach that recognizes pictures as being made up of layers of multiple objects • Primary benefit of object-oriented approach of vector graphics • Objects in the picture can be manipulated independently Succeeding with Technology

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28. Three-Dimensional Modeling Software • 3D modeling software • Provides graphics tools that allow artists to create pictures of realistic 3D models • Three-dimensional modeling • Takes the object oriented approach of vector graphics to the next level • Ray tracing • Three-dimensional modeling Succeeding with Technology

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30. Computer Animation • Digital graphics animation • Involves displaying digital images in rapid succession to provide the illusion of motion • Animated graphics • Employ either 2D or 3D objects • Animated GIF • The most basic form of animation Succeeding with Technology

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32. Digital Photography and Video – Digital Photography • Digital photos • Created, or acquired, using a digital camera • Digital cameras • Ranked by the amount of megapixels they can capture • Memory cards that come with digital cameras • Often have limited capacity Succeeding with Technology

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35. Digital Photography (continued) • Photo-editing software allows you to • Alter the hue and saturation of the colors in the photograph • Smooth surfaces or remove flaws in surfaces. • Remove “red eye” • Smooth edges and sharpen focus • Crop and realign photos Succeeding with Technology

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37. Digital Video • Is becoming increasingly accessible for personal enjoyment as well as professional use • Used to review the movement of athletes and determine how to perfect their abilities • Used to study pedestrian and traffic patterns • Forensic graphics • Used to create animations and exhibits to use in courts of law Succeeding with Technology

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39. Digital Video (continued) • Video-editing software • Allows professional and amateur videographers to edit bad footage out and rearrange the good footage • Storyline • Allows videographer to arrange video scenes sequentially and • Specify the transition effects between each scene Succeeding with Technology

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41. Interactive Media • Digital media presentations that involve user interaction for education, training, or entertainment • Typically combines digital audio and digital video for a full digital media experience • Virtual reality • Occurs when interactive media incorporates 3D graphic animation Succeeding with Technology

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43. Education and Training • Interactive media is being used in many education environments • In the traditional classroom setting • In distance learning • In museums • In skills training Succeeding with Technology

44. Commercial Applications of Interactive Media • Role of interactive media • In Web-based e-commerce • Provides fundamental technology for 3D product viewing • Used to provide product support and customer training Succeeding with Technology

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46. Interactive Video Games • Video game consoles • High-powered multiprocessor computers designed to support 3D interactive multimedia • Video game development requires a team effort from specialists in a variety of areas • Game designers • Artists, sound designers • Programmers, and testers Succeeding with Technology

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48. Interactive TV • A digital television service that includes one or more of the following • Video on demand • Personal video recorder • Local information on TV • Purchase over TV • Internet access over TV • Video games over TV Succeeding with Technology

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50. Summary • Digital audio • Includes both digital music and digital sound • Sound wave • Can be represented with numbers, digitally, through a process called analog-to digital conversion (ADC) • Digital graphics • Computer-based media applications that support • Creating, editing, and viewing 2D and 3D images and animation Succeeding with Technology