BrainActive Denk - Improve Memory and Concentration with Natural Ingredients

1. Training Passende Bildauswahl! Essential nutrients for your health

2. Whatis a Food Supplement?

3. Content • Key message • Introduction • Product information • Key benefits • Target group • Posology & administration • Ingredients • Stress • Alzheimer‘s diseaseanddementia • Good to know • Complementary treatments • References

4. 1. Key message • The typical brain is about 2 % of a body’s weight but uses 20 % of its total energy and oxygen intake. 1, 2 • The average brain is believed to generate up to 50.000 thoughts per day. 3 • The brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients.Only 5 minutes without oxygen can cause brain damage. 4 • Chronic stress changes the balance of neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortex and negatively impacts cognitive function, which leads to… 5 • … difficulties at paying attention. • … problems regarding memory. • … challenges at organizing thinking and flexibility to adapt to life’s demands. • Duringparticularlifesituationsaccompaniedby stress, the brainishardlyable to perform in itsusualmanner. • In this time mighthelpto preservecognitiveperformanceandsupportconcentrationandmemory.

5. 2. Introduction • The brain has been called the most complex object in the universe. 2 • The brain's hemispheres are divided into four lobes which are responsible for different cognitive functions: 6 • The frontal lobes(thinking, planning, organizing, problem solving, short-term memory and movement) • The parietal lobes (sensory information, e.g. taste, temperature and touch) • The occipital lobes(process images from eyes and link that information with images stored in memory) • The temporal lobes (process information from your senses of smell, taste and sound. They also play a role in memory storage)

6. 3. Product information For memory and concentration

7. 3. Product information For memory and concentration

8. 4. Key benefits • Supports thinking, learning and memory in young and middle-aged healthy people and people with age-related memory loss. • brain active Denk helps to handle stress during exam periods. • High pharmaceutical quality ginkgo biloba extract. • With the high quality omega-3-fatty-acid DHA for a normal brain function. • Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism and normal mental performance. • Caffeine reduces memory related fatigue and • increases cognitive performance.

9. 5. Target group Students Stressedpeople Elderlypeople • Help withage-relatedmemoryproblemsordementia. • Improvementofsocialbehaviour. • Fewerfeelingsofdepression. • Improvementofthinking, learningandmemory. • Support in handlingstress duringexamperiods. • Preventionoffatigue. • Improvementofcognitivefunction. • Preventionoffatigue. • Faciliationofdoingday to dayactivities.

10. 6. Posology & administration INGREDIENTS * nodailyrequirementdataavailable • INTAKE • The recommendedintakeis1 tabletand 1 capsuleper daywithplentyof fluid. • The tabletsshouldbetakenwith a mainmeal. • Itcantake 4 – 6 weeks to seeany positive effectsfrombrainactive Denk.

11. 7. Ingredients Ginkgo biloba extract contains flavonoids and terpenoids as antioxidative compounds. It supports cognitive function because it promotes blood circulation in the brain. 5 GINKGO BILOBA LEMON BALM Lemon balm extract modulates mood and cognitive performance. 7 Caffeinehas a positive effect on cognitive and physical function, mood and energy. It stimulates the brain and delays the onset of sleep. 8 CAFFEINE Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) contributes to a normal mental performance and to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue. 9 PANTOTHE- NIC ACID Docosahexaenoic (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are important omega-3 fatty acids.They are main structural fats in the human brain and contribute to maintenance of normal brain function. 9, 10 DHA & EPA

12. 7. Ingredients GINKGO BILOBA • High-quality ginkgobilobaextractmadefrom the driedgreenleaves. • Containsflavonoidsandterpenoidsasactivesubstances. 5 • Improvescognitivefunctionbecauseitpromotesbloodcirculationin the brainbyopeningupbloodvesselsandprotectsitfrom neuronal damage. 5, 11 • Anti-stresseffect. 12 • Delays the symptomsofdementia. 5, 13 • Usedin the traditional chinesemedicine, too. 5

13. 7. Ingredients LEMON BALM CAFFEINE • Positive effect in the managementof mild to moderate Alzheimer‘s disease. 7 • Modulation of mood and cognitive performancein healthy adults. 14 • Beneficial in moderating subjective feelings of stress. 14 • Positive effects on cognitiveandphysicalfunction, moodandenergy. 8 • Stimulation of the brainwhichpromotesinformation processingandperformance. 8 • Short-time reliefoffatigue. 8

14. 7. Ingredients PANTO-THENIC ACID • ggtgtgtg • Contribution to normal energy-yieldingmetabolismand normal mental performance. 9 • Contribution to normalsynthesisandmetabolismofsteroidhormones, vitamin D andsomeneurotransmitters. 9 • Reductionoftirednessandfatigue. 9

15. 7. Ingredients DHA & EPA • Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are important long - chain omega - 3 fatty acid. 10 • In the diet, DHA and EPA are found mostly in fatty fish. 15, 16 • DHA and EPA are major structural fatty acids within membranes of the human brain, promoting their dynamic structure and hence biochemical performances. 10 • DHA contributestothe maintenanceofnormal brainfunction. 9 • Total omega-3 fattyacidconsumptionandconsumptionof DHA wereassociatedwith a reductionin the incidenceof Alzheimer's disease. 16

16. 8. Stress • Stress is often described as a feeling of being overloaded, wound-up tight, tense and worried. 17 • During stressful situations the body responds by activating the nervous system which causes the release of adrenalinand cortisol.17 • The hormones cause physical changes in the body for quick reaction:increase heart rate, blood pressure, metabolism and muscle tension→“fight or flight” 17 • If the stress is ongoing it can causes 17  Heart Disease  Headaches  Depression  Difficulty concentrating

17. 9. Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia • Dementiais an overalterm usedto describe symptoms that impact memory, performance of daily activities, and communication abilities. 18, 19 • In advanceofdevelopingdementiaoneusuallysuffersfrom a diseaseaffectingthebrain (e.g. Alzheimer‘s disease) whichleads to changesordisturbancesofneuronsand neuronal synapses. 18, 19 • Affectedpersonsare18, 19 • hardlyableto manage theireverydaylife. • show strong limitations in memory, cognitiveperformance, emotional andsocialskills.

18. 10. Good to know CONDITIONS WHERE BRAIN ACTIVE DENK SHOULD NOT BE TAKEN 20, 21, 22 • If someone has a known allergy or sensitivity to Ginkgo biloba. 1 • During pregnancy. • There are some hints that Ginkgo biloba might • increase the disposition to haemorrhage. • prolong bleeding time if taken around the time of labor and delivery. • adversely affect pregnancy outcome. • Avoid using during pregnancy. 2 • During lactation. • Insufficient reliable information available during lactation concerning safety of Ginkgo biloba. • Avoid using during lactation precautionary. 3

19. 10. Good to know CONSULTATION OF A DOCTOR OR PHARMACIST IS ADVICED23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 • When someone suffers from pathologically increased bleeding tendency or during concomitant intake of certain anticoagulants (e.g. Warfarin, Clopidogrel, Phenprocoumon). • There are studies that suggest that Ginkgo biloba • inhibits platelet aggregation. • when taken concurrently with warfarin increases the risk of a bleeding. • Until more is known, monitor blood clotting closely in patients taking ginkgo. 1 • There are sporadic hints that preparations containing Ginkgo biloba could increase bleeding tendency therefore brain active Denk should be stopped as a precaution before operations. 2 • . In epileptic patients or patients prone to seizures. 3 In case of chronic illnesses or chronic drug intake. 4

20. 11. Complementary treatments INDICATION: mental stress + + + • Reduction of tiredness and fatigue • normal energy-yielding metabolism • normal oxygen transportation in the body • Beneficialtothemaintenanceofbones, teethandcontributionto a normal musclefunction • Calms nervous system • Reduces chronic inflammatory stress levels • Improves sleep quality

21. 12. References 1RaichleME (2002): Appraising the brain’s energy budget. PNAS. 99 (16): 10237-10239. 2 Lewis T (2016): Human Brain: facts, Functions & Anatomy. LiveScience. 3Marano HE (2001): Depression Doing the Thinking. Psychology Today. 4 MedlinePlus (2017): Cerebral hypoxia. 5 Ehrlich SD (2015): Ginkgo Biloba. University od Maryland. Medical Center. 6Mayo Clinic (2016): How your brain works. 7 AkhondzadehS (2003): Melissa officinalis extract in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer‘s disease: a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial. J NeurolNeurosurg Psychiatry. 74 (7): 863–866. 8Bertil B (1999): Actions of Caffeine in the Brain with Special Reference to Factors That Contribute to Its Widespread Use. Pharmacological Reviews. 51 (1): 83-133. 9European Commission (2012): Commission regulation (EU) No 432/2012. 10Kidd PM (2007): Omega-3 DHA and EPA for cognition, behavior and mood. Alt Med Rev. 12 (3): 207-227. 11CiezaA (2003): Effects of Ginkgo biloba on mental functioning in healthy volunteers. Arch Med Res. 34 (5): 373-381. 12Rai D (2003): Anti-stress effects of Ginkgo biloba and Panax ginseng: a comparative study. J Pharmacol Sci. 93 (4): 458-464. 13Napryeyenko O (2007): Ginkgo biloba special extract in dementia with neuropsychiatric features. A randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial, Arzneimittelforschung. 57 (1): 4-11. 14Kennedy DO (2004): Attenuation of Laboratory-Induced Stress in Humans After Acute Administration of Melissa officinalis (Lemon Balm) Psychosomatic Medicine 66:607–613 (2004)

22. 12. References 15Coletta JM (2010): Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Pregnancy, Rev Obstet Gynecol. 3 (4): 163–171. 16National Institutes of Health (2016): Omega-3 Fatty Acids. Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. 17Australian Psychological Society (2012): Understanding and managing stress. 18Universitätsklinikum Freiburg (2015): Demenz-Leitlinie. http://www.demenz-leitlinie.de/aerzte/Demenz.html 19Ärzteblatt (2011): Neue Klassifikation für Morbus Alzheimer. https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/45538 20Mayo Clinic (2015): Ginkgo biloba. 21 DugouaJJ (2006): Safety and efficacy of Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) during pregnancy and lactation. Can J ClinPharmacol. 13 (3): 277-284. 22 Therapeutic Research Center (2017): Ginkgo. Natural Medicines™. 23Heck AM (2000): Potential interactions between alternative therapies and warfarin. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 57 (13): 1221-1227. 24Kudolo GB (2002): Effect of the ingestion of Ginkgo biloba extract on platelet aggregation and urinary prostanoid excretion in healthy and Tyxpe 2 diabetic subjects. Thromb Res. 108 (2-3): 151-160. 25Stoddard GJ (2015): Ginkgo and Warfarin Interaction in a Large Veterans Administration Population. AMIA AnnuSymp Proc. 1174-1183. 26Gaudineau C (2004): Inhibition of human P450 enzymes by multiple constituents of the Ginkgo biloba extract. BiochemBiophys Res Commun. 318 (4): 1072-1078. 27 Miwa H (2001): Generalized convulsions after consuming a large amount of ginkgo nuts. Epilepsia. 42 (2): 280-281. 28Gregory PJ (2001): Seizure associated with Ginkgo biloba. Ann Intern Med. 123 (4): 344.

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