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Bordetella (pertussis) (whooping cough) bacterial respiratory childhood infections

Bordetella (pertussis) (whooping cough) bacterial respiratory childhood infections. B . Pertussis B . parapertussis. B .pertussis. Small gram-negative bacilli Most fastidious Culture media containing charcoal bordet-Gengou medium Charcoal blood agar Strict aerobe Slow growth (3 days)

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Bordetella (pertussis) (whooping cough) bacterial respiratory childhood infections

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  1. Bordetella(pertussis)(whooping cough) bacterial respiratory childhood infections B . Pertussis B . parapertussis

  2. B .pertussis • Small gram-negative bacilli • Most fastidious • Culture media containing charcoal • bordet-Gengou medium • Charcoal blood agar • Strict aerobe • Slow growth (3 days) • 3 major agglutinogens ( attachment ) • (1, 2 and 3) • detected by specific antiserum • Role in immunity • Three serotypes • Type 1,2 • Type1,3 • Type 1,2,3

  3. pathogenesis • Non invasive infection of respiratory mucosa • Ciliated epithelium of bronchi , trachea • Human is the only natural host • IP : 1 – 2 weeks • Tracheal cytotoxin ( TC ) • Pertussis toxin (PT) • Lymphocytosis • Filamentous haemagglutnin (FHA)

  4. clinical • Catarrhal phase ( preventable )-most infectious • Paroxysmal phase ( sever cough) • Convalescent phase • Atypical cases • Complications • Bronchopneumonia • Secondary infection • Lung collapse • Anoxia , convulsions

  5. EPIDEMIOLOGY • SOURSE • Patients ( droplets ) – child or adults • Atypical cases • Cmunicable • Epidemics • Antibiotics reduce transmission • Incidence and mortality • All ages • Cause of death ( < 2 years , infants )

  6. Immunity • One attack confers long lasting immunity • (herd immunity) • Infection with different serotype • Passive protection from mother is incomplete • 3 – injections of vaccine – effective active immunity

  7. Diagnosis • Clinical • lymphocytosis • Laboratory • Nasopharynx (postnasal swab ) • Pernasal swab • Selective media • Slid agglutinations ( antiserum)

  8. Treatment • No effect in well established infection • Erythromycin • Reduce severity if given before paroxysmal phase • For 14- days • Reduces transmission • Prophylaxis of contacts

  9. Control • Vaccination is safe - > 90% effective • Whole bacterial cell ( killed) – deep IM inj. • Contain 3 – agglutinogens • 3 – doses • SE : neurological sequelae , crying , fever • Acellular pertussis vaccine • PT , FHA + agglutinogens

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