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Chemical Engineering Plant Design Lecture # 1

Chemical Engineering Plant Design Lecture # 1. Pre-Requisite. The basic requisite for chemical engineering plant design is to have firm grip on fundamentals of unit operation, unit processes, thermodynamics, economics, reaction engineering and basic sciences. Course Description.

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Chemical Engineering Plant Design Lecture # 1

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  1. Chemical Engineering Plant DesignLecture # 1

  2. Pre-Requisite • The basic requisite for chemical engineering plant design is to have firm grip on fundamentals of unit operation, unit processes, thermodynamics, economics, reaction engineering and basic sciences. Syed Zaheer Abbas

  3. Course Description • Introduction, process design development, general design considerations, optimum design, material of fabrication and their selection, material transfer handling and equipment design, heat transfer equipment design, mass transfer equipment design, application of computer aided design of software. Syed Zaheer Abbas

  4. COURSE OBJECTIVE Syed Zaheer Abbas

  5. This course fills the need for design, implementation and the control of existing chemical plant and new development. Knowledge of environment and safety issues regarding chemical plant with focus on minimization of pollution. Optimizing the energy needs, with focus on minimization of cost and maximization of profit. Different issues faced during the operation of plant. Different strategies for the design of chemical equipments including pumps, compressors, tanks, vessels, heat exchangers, towers and reactors. Syed Zaheer Abbas

  6. Reference Books • Chapter # 1: Introduction • Chapter # 2: General Design Consideration • Chapter # 3: Process design development • Chapter # 9: Optimum design and design strategy • Chapter # 10: Material and fabrication selection • Chapter # 14: Heat transfer equipment design and costs • Chapter # 15: Separation equipment design and costs Syed Zaheer Abbas

  7. Books • Chapter # 3: HAZOP Study • Chapter # 13: The Design Report Syed Zaheer Abbas

  8. Books • Chapter # 7: Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Design • Chapter # 19: Furnace design PROCESS HEAT TANSFER BY DONALD Q. KERN Syed Zaheer Abbas

  9. Books • Chapter # 2: Heat Exchanger Syed Zaheer Abbas

  10. Books • Chapter # 1: what is pinch Technology • Chapter # 2: Heat Exchanger Network Design Syed Zaheer Abbas

  11. Books • Chapter # 11: Separation Column Syed Zaheer Abbas

  12. Design • This course helps us in the design of processes for desired physical and/or chemical transformation of materials. plant design is central to chemical engineering and it can bring together all of the components of that field. • The design starts at a conceptual level and ultimately ends in the form of fabrication and construction plans. Syed Zaheer Abbas

  13. Cont’d In order of increasing detail, plant design documents include: • Block Flow Diagrams (BFD): • Process Flow Diagrams (PFD's): • Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&ID's): • Specifications: Syed Zaheer Abbas

  14. Cont’d Design Considerations: • Designs have objectives and constraints, and even a simple process requires a trade-off among such factors. Objectives that a design may strive to include: • Throughput rate • Product purity Constraints include: • Capital cost • Available space • Safety concerns • Environmental impact and projected effluents and emissions • Waste production • Operating and maintenance costs. Syed Zaheer Abbas

  15. Cont’d Other factors that designers may include are: • Reliability • Redundancy • Flexibility • Anticipated variability in feedstock and allowable variability in product. Syed Zaheer Abbas

  16. Sources of Design Information • Designers usually do not start from scratch, especially for complex projects. Often the engineers have pilot plant data available or data from full-scale operating facilities. Other sources of information include proprietary design criteria provided by process licensors, published scientific data, laboratory experiments, and input. Syed Zaheer Abbas

  17. Control of existing plant • In process control, information gathered automatically from various sensors or other devices in the plant is used to control various equipment for running the plant, thereby controlling operation of the plant. A plant often has a control room with displays of parameters such as key temperatures, pressures etc. Syed Zaheer Abbas

  18. Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) • This course will help us in understanding the Environment impact assessment. In order to carry out EIA the procedural steps are , Syed Zaheer Abbas

  19. Procedure for EIA • Deciding whether an EIA is required (Screening) • Determining the scope of EIA (Scoping) • Preparing of the impact statement (EIS) • Consultation , public participation • Evaluating EIA results and consultations • Reaching a decision • Monitoring impacts after project implementation Syed Zaheer Abbas

  20. Design of Heat Transfer Equipments • Heat Exchangers • Furnace • Boiler • Evaporator • Dryer Syed Zaheer Abbas

  21. Design of Mass Transfer Equipments • Distillation column • Stripper • Absorber • Desalter Syed Zaheer Abbas

  22. Optimization • optimization, or mathematical programming, refers to choosing the best element from some set of available alternatives. Syed Zaheer Abbas

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