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Coral Reef Watch – In-situ Observations (Pacific). NOW. Mar04. 5. 8. 7. 16. 14. 30. 47. 25. 6. 6. 3. 10. 3. 3. Long-Term Ecosystem & Oceanographic Monitoring. CREWS buoys telemeter SST, salinity, wind direction & speed, atm pressure, air temp, PAR and UV-B.
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NOW Mar04 5 8 7 16 14 30 47 25 6 6 3 10 3 3
Long-Term Ecosystem & Oceanographic Monitoring CREWS buoys telemeter SST, salinity, wind direction & speed, atm pressure, air temp, PAR and UV-B Subsurface Ocean Data Platform measures ocean current profiles, waves energy and direction, temperature, salinity and pressure
Subsurface Systems – Data Archived 2 13 2 4 3 1 1 2
The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the United States and Pacific Freely Associated States: 2002 “ Hoegh-Guldberg (1999) in a recent report on the future of global bleaching events suggested that the central Pacific, and especially Hawaii, will be among the last reefs to experience major bleaching events.” September 18, 2002
NWHI Coral Bleaching 2002 Pocillopora Porites Montipora
Pearl & Hermes Atoll: Preliminary assessments of % bleaching from in situ observations Analysis of towboard videotapes:
Analysis of towboard videotapes: Midway Atoll: Preliminary assessments of % bleaching from in situ observations
Kure Atoll: Preliminary observations of % bleaching from in situ observations Kure Atoll: Preliminary assessments of % bleaching from in situ observations Analysis of towboard videotapes:
Lowest Highest Moderate Summary: % Bleaching by Habitat
2000 La Nina Relatively large changes in temperatures between years. Inter-Annual Variability: 2001 2002 El Nino Nearest-Neighbor interpolation of CTD Station Temperatures
Integration of Physical & Biological Observations Ocean Temperatures Rose Atoll, American Samoa Benthic Habitat
Aunu’u Island Fagasa Bay 2003 Bleaching Alert for American Samoa Amanave Bay NOAA NESDIS 50 km Hotspot Analysis – 1/28/03
Summary • Coral Reef Watch integrates: • Satellite Observations • In-situ Observations • Ocean Modeling • Issues warnings and alerts • Need to also integrate with: • Biological monitoring of corals, other invertebrates, fish and algae • Socio-economic monitoring of anthropogenic activities • Need commitment to long-term monitoring of physical, biological, and socio-economic parameters for sustainable conservation and management.