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Los Artículos

Gender, Number, and Articles in Spanish. Los Artículos. Gender and Number. Classifying words as masculine or feminine and singular or plural. Lesson Objectives. Classify words as masculine or feminine based on word endings Make singular words plural

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Los Artículos

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  1. Gender, Number, and Articles in Spanish Los Artículos

  2. Gender and Number Classifying words as masculine or feminine and singular or plural

  3. Lesson Objectives • Classify words as masculine or feminine based on word endings • Make singular words plural • Differentiate between definite and indefinite articles in Spanish and explain their usage • Use correct articles that agree in gender and number

  4. Gender and Number • In Spanish, all objects have gender and are considered masculine or feminine. • Gender can be determined by word endings.

  5. Gender can be determined by looking at the end of a word. Masculine endings Feminine endings a (puerta) ión(instrucción) d (usually -tad or -dad; these are like the English -ty) • o (e.g., libro) • most consonants (e.g., borrador)

  6. Gender • Most common exceptions: • words that are actually masculine: • el día (day), • el mapa (map), • certain words ending in -ma (poema, sistema, programa) • common feminine exception: la mano (hand)

  7. Let’s identify these as masculine (M) or feminine (F). • Mochila • Dirección • Banco • Pared • Pizarrón F F M F M

  8. On page 1 of your notes, identify each word as (F)eminine or (M)asculine. 1. _____ lápiz 6. ____ silla 2. _____ bolígrafo 7. ____ papel 3. _____ pizarra 8. ____ cuaderno 4. _____ professor 9. ____ reloj 5. _____ dirección 10. ____ electricidad

  9. Number agreement • In Spanish, all objects have number: •  singular (1 thing) •  plural (more than 1) • To make a word plural: • Add 's' for words ending in vowels (libro -> libros) • Add 'es' forconsonants (pizarrón -> pizarrones) •  Words that end in 'z': change z -> c and add -es •   (lápiz -> lápic-  -> lápices) • Words that end in 's': don't change the ending, just the article (a/an/the)

  10. Practice on p. 2 of your notes • Make these words plural: • Borrador _______________ • Mochila ________________ • Feliz ___________________ • Plural words have gender, too! Circle the plural endings (s or es) and identify the vocabulary words as masculine or feminine. 1. ___Lápices 2. ___ papeles 3. ___ pizarras 4. ____ bolígrafos

  11. Los ArtículosDefinidos(Definite Articles) • Definite articles mean the • There are FOUR of these in Spanish. • Examples • ____ libros (the books) • ____ mochila (the backpack) los la

  12. Practice Set 1: p. 2 of your notes • Fill in the blanks with the correct definite article (word for the). 1. _________ bolígrafos 2. _________ puerta 3. _________ lápiz 4. _________ pizarras 5. _________ lápices

  13. Practice Set 2: p. 2 of your notes • Fill in the blanks with the correct definite article (word for the). 1. _________ poema 2. _________ libertad 3. _________ direcciones 4. _________ día 5. _________ clase

  14. Los ArtículosIndefinidos(Indefinite Articles) • Indefinite articles mean a, an, or some • Examples • ____ libros (some books) • ____ mochila (a backpack) unos una

  15. Practice set 1: fill in the blanks with the correct indefinite article: p. 3 • __________ puertas • __________ mochila • __________ pizarrón • __________ borradores • __________ día • __________ paredes • __________ dirección • __________ lápiz • __________papeles

  16. Practice set 2: fill in the blanks with the correct indefinite article: p. 3 • __________ pared • __________ escritorios • __________ papel • __________ sacapuntas (s.) • __________ lápices • __________ amigas • __________ profesora • __________ direcciones • __________borrador

  17. Gender and Number Using gender and number to describe classroom items

  18. Using gender and number for descriptions • In Spanish, all parts of a sentence must agree in gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural). • All adjectives come AFTER the nouns! • Example: el librorojo (the red book) • Adjectives must change to agree in gender and number • Example: el libro rojo  los libros rojos (makeitall match!)

  19. Using gender and number for descriptions • To change a masculine word to describe something feminine: • If it ends in –o, change to _-a_ • Rojoroja • If it ends in –r, add _-a_ • Trabajador (hardworking) trabajadora • Most words that end in other letters do not change for gender • Examples: Verde, gris

  20. Practicamos (p. 4) • Make these plural: • El librorojo • El estudiante alto • El librogrande • La sillablanca • La alumna buena

  21. Practicamos (p. 4) • Make these feminine: • El estudiantebueno • El amigo fantástico • El chicotrabajador

  22. Review • In this unit, you: • Identified classroom items and people • Described classroom objects using adjectives for color, shape, and size • Determined the gender of those words using word endings • Learned to write descriptive phrases using articles, nouns and adjectives that agree in gender and number

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