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The Outer Ear. SPA 4302 Summer 2004. External Auditory Canal. lateral portion-cartilage medial portion-osseous lined with epidermal (skin) tissue hairs grow in lateral part cerumen (ear wax) secreted in lateral part. Usually curved. Outer Ear Functions 1. Amplification / Filtering
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The Outer Ear SPA 4302 Summer 2004
External Auditory Canal • lateral portion-cartilage • medial portion-osseous • lined with epidermal (skin) tissue • hairs grow in lateral part • cerumen (ear wax) secreted in lateral part. • Usually curved.
Outer Ear Functions 1 • Amplification / Filtering -- increases sounds between 1500 and 7000 Hz by 10 to 15 dB -- produced by resonance of Concha -- 5000 Hz E.A.Canal -- 2500 Hz
Outer Ear Functions 2 • Protection -- medial displacement of ear drum -- curvature of canal -- hairs -- cerumen -- skin migration
Outer Ear Functions 3 • Localization -- The ability to identify the location of a sound source
Otoscopy • Viewing outer ear and TM Looking for: • Landmarks, • Evidence of infection • Other Anomalies
Lateral Process (Malleus) = Annulus Malleus Manubrium Umbo Cone of Light
Disorders: • Blockage: with earwax, foreign bodies, pus. • Otitis Externa: swimmer's ear. • Fungal or Bacterial in origin. • More frequent in ears with small canal • openings that cannot dry out as easily. • This is also sometimes a problem for people wearing hearing aids.
Car Accident Victim Who just didn’t “feel right” afterward…
Exostoses: Benign bony growths in the outer ear canal • Contrast with Osteomas
A False Tympanic Membrane • A layer of dead skin cells builds up in persons who use earplugs or some hearing aids frequently
Malformations: congenital, traumatic or surgical. • Microtia: external ear is small, malformed • Atresia: ear canal is closed off. • Post-cancer surgery.
Hearing Loss accompanying these disorders: • Blockage or atresia: • moderate flat conductive hearing losses. • usually medically or surgically treatable. • additional HL if congenital --associated problems w/ cochlea • Surgical or traumatic: • mid to high frequency conductive. • prosthetics available, expensive.