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SIT DOWN AND GET OUT YOUR NOTES!!!!. Then get ready to take notes. British Imperialism in India. Ch. 11, Section 4. The British Empire. British East India Company. 1800’s: company operated in India with no regulation by British government company had its own army Company army led by
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SIT DOWN AND GET OUTYOUR NOTES!!!! Then get ready to take notes.
British Imperialism in India Ch. 11, Section 4
British East India Company • 1800’s: company operated in India with no regulation by British government • company had its own army • Company army led by British army officers
Jewel in the Crown • IR turned Britian into the world workshop • India had 300 million people & lots of resources • Britain restricted India from competing • Closed factories • Mid-1800s, India primarily exported raw materials, not manufactured goods • During Raj, British built railroads, roads, canals in India • India had 4th largest railroad network in world
“Jewel in the Crown” • Britain set up a railroad network to take raw materials from inside India to its ports
Raw Materials Taken from India • Tea • Indigo (dye for clothing)
Raw Materials Taken from India • Coffee • Cotton
Raw Materials Taken from India • Jute (fiber for making rope) • Opium (plant that heroin is made from)
Positives for India • Great Britain laid the world’s 4thlargest railroad network in India • Railroads brought unity to disconnected regions in India • Modern road network ■ Telephone and telegraph lines • Dams, bridges, canals • Sanitation and public health improved • Schools/ colleges founded • Truces between local warring rulers in India
British held all political and economic power British restricted Indian-owned industries Cash crops made it impossible for small farmers to produce enough food for themselves Racist attitudes of most British officials and missionaries threatened Indian traditional life Negatives for India
Sepoys • Indians who joined British armies in India • Resented by other Indians
Sepoy Mutiny • 1857 gossip spread amongst Sepoys (Indian soldiers for the British) • the seals of their ammunition had to be bitten off • they believed the British dipped the seals of their ammunition in beef and pork (Hindus can not eat beef/ Muslims can not eat pork)
Sepoy Rebellion • In 1850: 300,000 men in army. • Only 50,000 were British • 100,000 British men ruling over 200 million Indians • by 1850 economic problems increased feelings of resentment and nationalism • Sepoy Mutiny breaks out on May 10, 1857 The sepoy army was “a delicate and dangerous machine, which a little mismanagement may easily turn against us.” - Governor of Bombay
Turning Point • 1858 British government took direct control over India (because of the Mutiny) • Raj (time period when India was under Great Britain’s control: 1757-1947)
Questions for Reflection: • Why did the British conquer and colonize India? • Who were sepoys and why did they rebel against the British? • How did the Sepoy Rebellion change the political situation in India? • What were the effects of British Imperialism on India?