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Most Common Ocular Conditions

Most Common Ocular Conditions. Conditions that Often Accompany Other Visual Exceptionalities Cataracts. Cataracts. A cataract is a clouding of the lens Can vary in degree from a very light “shadowing” to total blockage of light. The word “cataract” comes from….

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Most Common Ocular Conditions

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  1. Most Common Ocular Conditions Conditions that Often Accompany Other Visual Exceptionalities Cataracts

  2. Cataracts • A cataract is a clouding of the lens • Can vary in degree from a very light “shadowing” to total blockage of light.

  3. The word “cataract” comes from… • The latin word “cataracta” meaning “waterfall” • People with cataracts often say that their visual experience is like looking through a waterfall (either small or large)

  4. Signs and symptoms • As the cataract grows, the opacity of the lens causes loss of visual acuity • The ability to see contrast clearly is also often lost

  5. Signs and Symptoms (cont) • It becomes more difficult to see the differences between colors • Light sensitivity becomes much more pronounced

  6. Progression of development • A cataract may actually cause the eye to be more myopic at the beginning of the process. • Eventually, the color of the cataract itself changes to light yellow and may affect the perception of color (especially blue)

  7. Progression • The progressions of the condition is usually slow and may take years to develop to a point where it is noticed. • Both eyes are usually affected, though in exceptional cases (e. g. when there is another visual condition) it can affect just one.

  8. Age Related cataracts • Happens to EVERYONE if they live long enough • Begins with a light opacity in the lens • Progresses to a swelling of the lens and then • The lens shrinks and opacity becomes complete

  9. And…. • If left untreated, the lens can actually swell to the point that it may become inflamed and even rupture. • Eventually the Zonules of Zen can be weakened and the lens capsule can become dislodged

  10. Incidence of Cataracts • World Health Organization reports that 48% of world wide blindness is due to cataracts. • 18 million people • World wide, services are often inadequate and age related cataracts are not treated.

  11. In the United States. . . • At least some level of cataracting has been reported at • 42% of those between 52 and 64; • 60% of those between 65 and 74; and • 91% of those between the ages of 75 and 85.

  12. It is generally agreed that . . . • The increased depletion of the ozone layer has contributed to the occurrence of cataracts. • WEAR YOUR SUNGLASSES!!!!!

  13. OTHER TYPES OF CATARACTS… • CONGENITAL • CHILD IN BORN WITH CATARACTS BECAUSE OF SOME OTHER CONDITION (E.G. REUBELLA)

  14. Other types of cataracts • Cataracts can also be caused by trauma to the eye inluding: • Blunt object trauma often caused by injuries that are work or sports related

  15. Blunt Force Trauma

  16. Blunt Force Trauma

  17. Treatment of cataracts • The lens is surgically removed, usually leaving the lens capsule in place:

  18. Then the old lens is replaced . . . • A small, plastic artificial intraocular lens

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