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The Early Middle Ages 7.1

The Early Middle Ages 7.1. Western Europe in Decline. Post Roman Empire Political decline Social decline Economic decline Dark Ages Middle Ages 500 AD to 1500 AD. The Franks. 486, Clovis conquers Gaul Clovis converted to Christianity Gained allegiance of Christian Church in Rome

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The Early Middle Ages 7.1

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  1. The Early Middle Ages 7.1

  2. Western Europe in Decline • Post Roman Empire • Political decline • Social decline • Economic decline • Dark Ages • Middle Ages • 500 AD to 1500 AD

  3. The Franks • 486, Clovis conquers Gaul • Clovis converted to Christianity • Gained allegiance of Christian Church in Rome • Importance?

  4. Muslim Empires • Huge empire beginning to form • Palestine to North Africa to present day Spain

  5. Battle of Tours • Muslim army crossed into France • Charles Martel rallied Frankish warriors • Christians triumphed • Sign of God? Or Christian Savior?

  6. Charlemagne • Grandson of Charles Martel • King of Franks • Became known as Charlemagne • “Charles the Great” • Further brings Church and state together

  7. Pope Leo III • 800 AD, Christmas Day • The Pope proclaimed him Emperor. Why? • Revived “Christendom” • Future of power struggles.

  8. Unified Christian Empire • “Christendom” • MissiDominici’s • “administer laws fully and justly in the case of the holy church”

  9. Learning • Charlemagne held education in high regards • Stressed the revival of Latin • Created local schools

  10. Legacy • Blended Germanic, Roman, and Christian traditions • Strong and efficient governments • Treaty of Verdun

  11. Eastern Roman Empire • Flourishing • Eastern emperor saw himself as the sole Roman ruler and religious leaders as well

  12. New Invaders • Muslim forces • Created a stronghold in Sicily • Magyars • Present day Hungary

  13. Vikings • Scandinavian raiders • Traded and sailed around Scandinavia and Mediterranean • 1000 AD set up colony in North America

  14. Feudalism and the Manor Economy 7.2

  15. Feudalism • The invasions of the Vikings, Muslims, and Magyars weakened emperor’s ability to maintain law and order • Result? • Feudalism • Loosely organized system of rule in which powerful local lords divided their landholdings among lesser lords • Lesser lords (vassals), pledged service and loyalty to the greater lord

  16. Mutual Obligations • Feudal contract • Lord granted his vassal a fief (estate / land) • Peasants to work the land were included

  17. Promises • Lord promised to protect his vassal • Vassal pledged loyalty to his lord • 40 days of military service pledged

  18. Structured Society • Monarch • Powerful Lords (Dukes and Counts) – Largest fiefs • Vassals • Vassals had vassals

  19. Knights • Knights – Mounted warriors • Age of 7 • Boy was slated to be a Knight • Difficult training • Structured discipline • Tournaments a part of life and training

  20. Chivalry • Brave, loyal, and true to their word • Code of conduct developed by the Church to calm the knights down.

  21. To guard the honour of fellow knights To eschew unfairness, meanness and deceit To keep faith At all times to speak the truth To persevere to the end in any enterprise begun To respect the honour of women Never to refuse a challenge from an equal Never to turn the back upon a foe To fear God and maintain His Church To serve the liege lord in valour and faith To protect the weak and defenceless To give succour to widows and orphans To refrain from the wanton giving of offence To live by honour and for glory To despise pecuniary reward To fight for the welfare of all To obey those placed in authority To guard the honour of fellow knights Code of Chivalry

  22. Manor System • The lord’s estate • Peasants referred to as serfs • Farm land • Repair roads, bridges and fences • Pay taxes • Bound to the land • Guaranteed food, housing and land

  23. The Medieval Church

  24. Village Church • Social center • Largest public building • Took great pride in their church buildings • Tithe – Christians required to pay a tenth of their income

  25. Role of the Parish Priest • Only contact people had with the church • Celebrated mass • Administered sacraments

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