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IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION OF RESIDUAL COLOR TRANFORM FOR 4:4:4 RGB LOSSLESS CODING By POOJA V. AGAWANE Under the guidance of Dr. K. R. Rao Multimedia Processing Lab (MPL) University of Texas at Arlington. Outline. YCbCr sampling Overview of H.264 Fidelity Range Extensions

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  1. IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION OF RESIDUAL COLOR TRANFORM FOR 4:4:4 RGB LOSSLESS CODINGByPOOJA V. AGAWANEUnder the guidance of Dr. K. R. RaoMultimedia Processing Lab (MPL)University of Texas at Arlington

  2. Outline • YCbCr sampling • Overview of H.264 • Fidelity Range Extensions • Residual color transform • Schematic of the implementation • Result and conclusion

  3. YCbCr Sampling Figure 1: YCbCr sampling

  4. Overview of H.264 • Latest coding standard introduced by Joint Video Team (JVT) [1] • Enhanced compression efficiency and increased complexity • Basic technologies, as compared to previous standards: • Use of transform to reduce spatial correlation • Quantization for the control of bitrate • Motion compensated prediction for reduction of temporal correlation • Entropy coding for reduction in statistical correlation • New features, introduced in H.264: • Intra-picture prediction • 4x4 integer transform • Multiple reference pictures • In-loop deblocking filter • Improved entropy coding – CABAC and CAVLC

  5. Profiles – Basic and FRExts Figure 2: Basic profiles of H.264 [5] Figure 3: High profiles of H.264 as in the FRExts [4]

  6. Overview of FRExts • Motivation: support of extended sample bit depth and chroma format in H.264/MPEG4-AVC standard • Application areas: professional film production, video post production and high-definition TV/DVD • New coding tools introduced [4]: • 8x8 intra prediction • 8x8 transform • Encoder-specified perceptual-based quantization scaling matrices • Residual color transform consisting of reversible integer based color conversion from (4:4:4) RGB to YCgCo color space, applied to residual data • Efficient lossless representation of the video with a simple bypass of transform and quantization

  7. Residual Color Transform (RCT) • Disadvantages of YCbCr [7]: • Rounding error introduced as samples are represented in integer • Trade-off between complexity and coding efficiency • Introduction of YCgCo: • Y-luminance, Cg-green chroma, Co-orange chroma • Conversion from RGB to YCgCo [7]: • This conversion reduced the complexity of conversion from RGB to YCbCr and also increases the coding efficiency.

  8. Schematic of the implementation Figure 4: Schematic of the implementation [9] Figure 5: Transformation in the color spaces in the implementation YUV RGB YCgCo Encode, transmit, decode YCgCo RGB Display

  9. Results and conclusion • Test condition: • Input: PLANE_YUV444.yuv • Resolution: HD – 1920x1080 • Sampling format: YUV4:4:4 • Results: Size of the original uncompressed YUV sequence: original_size = 149299200 bits Size of the encoded bit stream: compressed_size = 88815977 bits Compression_ratio = 1.6810

  10. Results and conclusion Figure 6: Original Image – frame 2

  11. Results and conclusion Figure 7: Reconstructed Image – frame 2

  12. Results and conclusion Figure 8: Error Image – frame 2

  13. Results and conclusion Figure 9: Original Image – frame 3

  14. Results and conclusion Figure 10: Reconstructed Image – frame 3

  15. Results and conclusion Figure 11: Error Image – frame 3

  16. References [1] Soon-kak Kwon, A. Tamhankar and K.R. Rao, ”Overview of H.264 / MPEG-4 Part 10”, J. Visual Communication and Image Representation, vol. 17, pp.183-552, April 2006. [2] T. Wiegand and G. J. Sullivan, “The H.264 video coding standard”, IEEE Signal Processing magazine, vol. 24, pp. 148-153, March 2007. [3] D. Marpe, T. Wiegand and G. J. Sullivan, “The H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Standard and its applications”, IEEE Communications Nagazine, vol. 44, pp. 134-143, Aug. 2006. [4] D. Marpe and T. Wiegand, “H.264/MPEG4-AVC Fidelity Range Extensions: Tools, Profiles, Performance, and Application Areas”, Proc. IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005, vol. 1, pp. I - 596, 11-14 Sept. 2005. [5] A. Puri et al, “Video Coding using the H.264/ MPEG-4 AVC compression standard”, Signal Processing: Image Communication, vol. 19, pp: 793 – 849, Oct. 2004. [6] J. Ostermann et al, “Video coding with H.264/AVC: Tools, Performance, and Complexity”, IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine, vol. 4, Issue 1, pp. 7 – 28, First Quarter 2004. [7] G. Sullivan, P. Topiwala and A. Luthral, “The H.264/AVC Advanced Video Coding Standard: Overview and Introduction to the Fidelity Range Extensions”, SPIE conference on Applications of Digital Image Processing XXVII, vol. 5558, pp. 53-74, Aug. 2004. [8] D. Marpe et al, “Macroblock-adaptive residual color space transforms for 4:4:4 video coding”, Proc. IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2006), Atlanta, GA, USA, Oct. 8-11, 2006. [9] W. S. Kim: Residue color transform, JVT-L025, 12th meeting: Redmond, WA, USA, 17-23 July, 2004. http://ftp3.itu.int/av-arch/jvt-site/2004_07_Redmond/JVT-L025.doc [10] W. S. Kim: Adaptive residue transform and sampling, JVT-K018, 11th meeting: Munich, Germany, 15-19 March, 2004. http://ftp3.itu.ch/av-arch/jvt-site/2004_03_Munich/JVT-K018.doc [11] Y. L. Lee: Lossless intra coding for improved 4:4:4 coding in H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, JVT-P016, 16th meeting: Poznan, Poland, 24-29 July, 2005, http://ftp3.itu.ch/av-arch/jvt-site/2005_07_Poznan/JVT-P016.doc [12] Y. L. Lee: Lossless coding for professional extensions, JVT-L017, 12th meeting: Redmond, WA, USA, 17-23 July, 2004. http://ftp3.itu.int/av-arch/jvt-site/2004_07_Redmond/JVT-L017.doc

  17. References [13] W. S. Kim: Advanced residual color transform, JVT-Q059, 17th meeting: Nice, France, 14-21 October, 2005. http://ftp3.itu.ch/av-arch/jvt-site/2005_10_Nice/JVT-Q059-L.doc [14] JM reference software manual and software - http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/ [15] Overview of H.264, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264 [16] YUV formats, http://www.fourcc.org/ [17] Presentation on “YCgCo Residual Color Transform”, http://www-ee.uta.edu/dip/ [18] DPX to YUV converter - http://www.fastvdo.com/DPX2YUV.html [19] High Definition sequences - ftp.tnt.uni-hannover.de [20] YUV color space – www.wikipedia.org [21] K. Sayood, “Introduction to Data compression”, III edition, Morgan Kauffmann publishers, 2006. [22] I. E.G. Richardson, “H.264 and MPEG-4 video compression: video coding for next-generation multimedia”, Wiley, 2003. [23] K. R. Rao and P. C. Yip, “The transform and data compression handbook”, Boca Raton, FL: CRC press, 2001. [24] By Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, Steven L. Eddins, “Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB”, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2003 [25] S. Srinivasan et al., Windows media video 9: overview and applications, Signal Processing: Image Communication 19 (2004) 851–875. [26] W. Gao et al., AVS - The Chinese next-generation video coding standard, NAB 2004, Las Vegas, 2004.

  18. THANK YOU !

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