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In The Name Of The Most Compassionate

In The Name Of The Most Compassionate . The Investigation Of Quercus Genus (Oak) Ecotypes In Guilan Province. By: Freshet Sheikhhasan Super visor: Dr. Shahryar Saeidi Mehrvarz Dr.Younes Asri. Title. Objects Introduction Materials & Methods Results Discussion Final Conclusion

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In The Name Of The Most Compassionate

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  1. In The Name Of The Most Compassionate

  2. The Investigation Of Quercus Genus (Oak) Ecotypes In Guilan Province By: Freshet Sheikhhasan Super visor: Dr. ShahryarSaeidiMehrvarz Dr.YounesAsri

  3. Title Objects Introduction Materials & Methods Results Discussion Final Conclusion Suggestions for future works Acknowledgment

  4. Objects

  5. Determination exactlly area distribution three Quercus species that present in Guilan province.Determinate effects of ecological factors on morphological characters in leaf and fruit of two species Q. macrenthera ,Q.castaneifolia & Q. petrea. Revision on taxondiscribtionprovided by other botanists.Determinate each habitate as an Ecotypeattention to different ecological conditions.

  6. Introduction

  7. Introduce Of Fagaceae Family The Fagaceae (Dumortier. 1829) Family or beech family Belong to the class of Angiosperms and includes 9 genera and ca. 1000 species of both evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs (Crepet, 1981; Jones, 1986; Borgardt and Pigg, 1999). According to the latest classification of flowering plants, This family along with families (Myricaceae,Nothofagaceae,Betulaceae, Casuarinaceae and Juglandaceae Were classified in the order Fagales (APGIII).  Fagaceae dominates in forests of tropical, temperate and cold temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere (Nixon 1993).

  8. Introduce Of Fagaceae Family The members of Fagaceae Family are characterized by alternate simple leaves with pinnate venation, unisexual flowers in the form of catkins and fruit in the form of cup-like (cupule) nuts (Nandi et al.,1998 & Soltis et al., 2000). Fagaceae family has the three genus Fagus L., Castanea L. and Quercus L. in Iran that Quercus genus because having cupul of fruit withoute gaps and only one seed per fruit is distinguished from other genera (sabeti 2002). One of the major organs in the beech family, is the fruit and its traits which is used on Classification and identification of genus (Borgardt and Pigg, 1999).

  9. Introduce Of Quercus L. Q.petrea This genus has two subgenera and several section include: Genus Quercus Subgenus Quercus Section Quercus Section Lobatae Section Mesobalanu Section Cerris Section Protobalanus Subgenus Cyclobalanopsis Q.macranthera Q.castaneifolia

  10. Regional distribution of the genus Quercus in the world Section Lobatae Section Protobalanus Section Quercus Section Mesobalanus Section Cerris

  11. Introduce ofQ. castaneifolia The Chestnut-leavedOak (Q. castaneifolia) is a deciduoustreegrowing up to 35 m tall, with a trunk up to 2.5 m diameter. This tree has oblong leavewithserratedmargin and acut apex. The flowers are wind-pollinatedcatkins; the fruit is an acorn (Sabeti 2003; M|ozafariyan 2004). Q. castaneifoliabelongs to Cerris Section and has morphlogical variations in leaf characters. this species distribute Gorgan, Mazandaran & Guilan province (Sabeti 2003).

  12. Introduce ofQ. macranthera  Q. macranthera- Caucasian Oak or Persian oak belongs to Mesobalanus Section and distributefromGorgan to Arasbaran (Sabeti 2003).  Q. macrantherais a deciduoustreegrowing up to 25 m tall, with a trunk up to 2 m diameter. This tree has obovateleavewithlobatemargin and obtuse apex. The flowers are wind-pollinatedcatkins; the fruit is an acorn (Sabeti 2003; M|ozafariyan 2004).

  13. Introduce ofQ. petrea Q. petrea is a large deciduous tree up to 20-40 m tall. oak tree that has obovate or eloptic leaves with lobate margin and Leather. The flowers are catkins.The fruit is an acorn .2003; Mozafarian 2004) Q. petreabelongs to Quercus Section and distributefromGorgan, Mazandaran , Guilan (Sabeti 2003; Mozafarian2004).

  14. Materials & Methods

  15. Material & Methods  In this research, we focused on the morphological characters leaf & fruit in three Quercus species and investigation effects ecological factors including (edafic, climate and physiographyfactots) on them.  In order to, samples were collected from 14 habitatein the forest of Guilan province and In each habitate were established average of 3-5 plates 100 m² and in each plat 5-8 samples were selected randomly. Addition 310 samples were collected.

  16.  After collective samples were measure 9 & 10 morphological special characteristics in fruit & leaf respectively. These characters include 6 qualitative & 13 quantitative attributes. Also in each tree sampel measure height, diameter and canopy percent.  Moreover Two soil samples were taken from each habitate and physiographical factores including (elevation of area & slope percent) recorded as well as. Climate information were recorded through the Department of Meteorology Goilan province. Material & Methods

  17. Results

  18. Table 1: the obtained result of analyze quantitative characters in the leaf Q. castaneifolia The results of morphological studies

  19. Table 2: the obtained results of analyzing qualitativeCharacters in the leaf Q. castaneifolia

  20. Table 3: the obtained results of analyzing quantitativeCharacters in the fruit Q. castaneifolia

  21. Table 4: the obtained results of analyzing qualitativeCharacters in the fruit Q. castaneifolia

  22. Table 16: Pierson 's Correlation coefficient in Q. macrantheramorphological factors

  23. Table 17: Pierson 's Correlation coefficient in Q. petrea

  24. Table 18: Physiography & Climatic factors & canopy percent in Q. castaneifoliahabitate

  25. the Analyses… • Ntsys-pc ver. 2 software was used for final analyses: • Data were standardized. • Dissimilarity matrix of Euclidian coefficient was calculated. • Tree was drown using UPGMA method. • Cophenetic coefficient were measured. • Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was performed.

  26. Euclidean/UPGMA tree (Q. Castaneifolia) R1: (Masoole)، R2:(Lakan)، R3 :(Roodbar)،) R4(Lahijan -zemeydan),R5: (Shanderman)R6: (Saravan)R7: (Lahijan-setansar),R8: (Talesh)

  27. PCA 2d Plot Masoole Roodbar Lakan Lahijan –z-v Lahijan-ss Talesh Shanderman saravan

  28. Discussion

  29. The morphological study of three Quercus species The morphological studies are appropriate in order to identify of different modes of qualitative and quantitative traits and determin their range(Kafash 2007).  The results of this study is mached to taxa distribution that was provided the by some botanists including (Rechinger 1971), (Ghahreman1990), (Sabeti2003) & (Mozafariyan 2004).

  30. Principal Component Analysis of 8 area and 9 variables (x1,x3, x2, x4, x8 ,x17, x18, x19, and x21). Area elevation Tree diameter Sp Tree altitude Leaf length Leaf wide nut length Nut diagonal AP Q. castaneifolia

  31. Principal Component Analysis of 4 area and 8 variables (x2, x3, x1, x4, x11, x17, x8, x19) Area elevation Tree diameter Tree altitude Leaf length Leaf wide nut length Nut diagonal Pedcel length

  32. Final conclusion Climatic factors and other ecological factors over a long time, are responsible for various vegetation fotm and tree species adaptation, in large geographic areas . Distribution of forest communities and environmental factors have a significant relationship. so altitude are more important than other environmental factors, because changes in the elevation gradient will result to changes in humidity and temperature gradient (Zhang et. Al, 2006). Based on the results of our studies can be said that Q. castaneifoliais more Capable than other species for adaptation with the environment conditions. Among the ecological factors, altitude can play a decisive role in grouping and type of tree , so the other ecological factors such as climate and soil factors effect on distribution tree forest and qualitative and quantitative morfolpgicalcharacterstraits (Salehi 2007).

  33. Suggestions for future works • Anatomical study of species. • Medicinalproperties study of species. • Karyological study for species determination and relationship. • Phylogeny study of species based on mitochondrial & chloroplastic markers. • Phytochemical study of species.

  34. Thank For Your Attention

  35. Thank my God

  36. Acknowledgments My special thanks to: Dr. SaeidiMehrvarz Dr. Asri Dr. Faghir Dr. Sarmad Dr. Norastenia Dr. AfsharMohamadian Dr. Sariri And Mrs. shahi . . Department Biology of University of Guilan

  37. My special thanks to: My friends majoring in Plant Systematic My friends majoring in Biochemistry My friends majoring in Plant Physiology My friends majoring in Embryology My friends majoring in Marine biology My friends majoring in Chemistry All of My friends in University of Guilan

  38. Thank to Roommates:

  39. Special Thanks to my Unique Parents & My Greatest Sister and Brother تقدیم به دو موجود مقدس،آنان که ناتوان شدند تا من به توانایی برسم، و عاشقانه سوختند تا روشنگر راهم و گرمابخش وجودم باشند پدر و مادر مهربانم

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