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Sedimentary Rocks Clastic / Physical / Detrital Chemical Bioclastic /Biochemical

Sedimentary Rocks Clastic / Physical / Detrital Chemical Bioclastic /Biochemical. ss , sh. ss , cong. ss. sh. ss , cong. ls. ss, slt, sh. sh. chert, chalk, sh. ss. ss, slt, sh. graywacke. till. Fig. 06.38. Sedimentary Rocks. Clastic /Physical/Detrital Sedimentary Rocks

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Sedimentary Rocks Clastic / Physical / Detrital Chemical Bioclastic /Biochemical

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  1. Sedimentary Rocks Clastic/ Physical / Detrital Chemical Bioclastic/Biochemical

  2. ss, sh ss, cong ss sh ss, cong ls ss, slt, sh sh chert, chalk, sh ss ss, slt, sh graywacke till Fig. 06.38

  3. Sedimentary Rocks • Clastic/Physical/Detrital Sedimentary Rocks • classified by texture (grain size, roundness) • Conglomerate (with rounded gravel) • Breccia (with angular gravel) • Sandstone (sand) • Siltstone (silt) • Claystone or Mudstone (clay) • Shale – fissile (clay)

  4. Sedimentary Rocks • Chemical Sedimentary Rocks • classified by composition • Limestone (many varieties) – Calcite, Dolomite • oolitic LS, crystalline LS, travertine, dolostone • Chert – Silica • Evaporites – Halite, Gypsum, Sylvite, Anhydrite • Rock Salt, Rock Gypsum

  5. Sedimentary Rocks • Biochemical/BioclasticSedimentary Rocks • Limestone (many varieties) – Calcite, Dolomite • coquina, fossiliferous LS, chalk, micrite • Chert – diatoms, silica • Coal • peat, lignite, bituminous coal • anthracite – actually metamorphic

  6. Sedimentary clasts are classified by grain size (the size of the individual clasts) using the Wentworth Scale: Wentworth Scale Boulders Cobbles Gravel (pebbles) Sand Silt Clay Larger clasts require more energy to transport Smaller clasts require less energy to transport http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/

  7. Evaporites minerals precipitated from evaporating water Siliceous Rocks Silica and opalline silica precipitate either organically or inorganically Coal and Peat Carbon-rich deposits formed from build-up of plant material in swamps Carbonates Variety of limestones composed of calcite, aragonite, and dolomite precipitated either organically or inorganically http://csmres.jmu.edu/geollab/Fichter/SedRx/chembiokey.html

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