ERT 213 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION

1. ERT 213PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION BY: ZULKARNAIN MOHAMED IDRIS (alkhairi_muslim@hotmail.com)

2. OUTLINES • Figures • Course Outcomes • Learning Flow • Evaluation • Text Books & References • Examples • Process Control

3. Figures Code : ERT 213 Unit : 3 Course Outcomes : 4 Topics : 5 Experiments : 6 No. of Students : 39 No. of Teaching Staff: 5 (3 Ls + 2 PLVs)

4. Course Outcomes CO1: Ability to DEFINE the function of different types of valves; DESCRIBE and DISCUSS the operational aspects of the valves. CO2: Ability to DEFINE the function of different types of pumps, fans, blowers and compressors; DESCRIBE and DISCUSS the operational aspects of the pumps, fans, blowers and compressors. CO3: Ability to IDENTIFY and INTERPRET the ISA Symbology for the Process Flow Diagram; APPLY appropriate symbols and SKETCH the Process Flow Diagram. CO4: Ability to IDENTIFY and INTERPRET the ISA Symbology for the Piping & Instrumentation Diagram; APPLY appropriate symbols and SKETCH the Piping & Instrumentation Diagram.

5. Learning Flow Valves In Industry Process & Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) Pump, Compressor, Fan & Blower ISA Symbology Process Flow Diagram (PFD)

6. Evaluation • 1)Examination (20%) • Mid-term 1 : 10% • Mid-term 2 : 10% • 2) Course Work (80%) • Assignments : 10% • Laboratory Reports : 40% • Mini Projects : 30%

7. Text Books 1)McAvinew T. and Mulley R., Control System Documentation: Applying Symbols and Identification, Second Edition, ISA, 2005 2) Skousen P.L., Valve Handbook, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2004

8. References 1) Meier F.A., and Meier C.A., Instrumentation & Control Systems Documentation, ISA, 2004 2) Rosaler R. C., Standard Handbook of Plant Engineering, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2002

9. Valve Mechanical device specifically designed to direct, start, stop, mix or regulate the flow, pressure or temperature of a process fluid

10. Pump, Compressor, Fan & Blower • Pumps: • A pump is a machine for raising a liquid - a relatively incompressible fluid - to a higher level of pressure or head. • Compressors: • A compressor is a machine for raising a gas - a compressible fluid - to a higher level of pressure. • Blowers: • A blower is a machine for moving volumes of a gas with moderate increase of pressure. • Fans: • A fan moves large amounts of gas with low increase in pressure.

11. PFD A process flow diagram (PFD) is a diagram commonly used in engineering to indicate the general flow of plant processes and equipment. The PFD displays the relationship between major equipment of a plant facility and does not show minor details such as piping details and designations. Process flow diagram of pilot scale Tongkat Ali water extract production (Athimulam et al., 2006)

12. P&ID A piping and instrumentation diagram/drawing (P&ID) is a diagram in the process industry which shows the piping of the process flow together with the installed equipment and instrumentation. https://controls.engin.umich.edu/wiki/images/c/cd/ReactorSystemPID

13. Process Control Refers to the method that are used to control process variable when manufacturing product Why control is necessary? Safety Environment protection Equipment protection Smooth plant operation & production rate Product quality Profit optimization Monitoring & diagnosis

14. Flow rate of sewage to plant 24-hour period OVERVIEW OF PROCESS CONTROL Process control emphasizes the control behavior of the plant Design Decision Dundas clarifier from Hydromantis WWW site. Operations Decision reactor Holding vessel A Too much air is wasteful, Too little leads to unsafe effluent clarifier

15. How will Process Control affect my career? Designers must provide all required equipment. Vapor product T6 P1 T5 Feed Methane Ethane (LK) Propane Butane Pentane T1 T2 F1 T4 T3 L1 F2 F3 Liquid product A1 Process fluid Steam L. Key

16. How will Process Control affect my career? Operations must devise strategies for implementation. Vapor product T6 P1 T5 Feed Methane Ethane (LK) Propane Butane Pentane T1 T2 F1 T4 T3 L1 F2 F3 Liquid product A1 Process fluid Steam L. Key

17. How will Process Control affect my career? Experimenters must achieve precise, constant conditions. Vapor product T6 P1 T5 Feed Methane Ethane (LK) Propane Butane Pentane T1 T2 F1 T4 T3 L1 F2 F3 Liquid product A1 Process fluid Steam L. Key

18. How will Process Control affect my career? P.C. Experts design & implement control and monitoring strategies. Vapor product T6 P1 T5 Feed Methane Ethane (LK) Propane Butane Pentane T1 T2 F1 T4 T3 L1 F2 F3 Liquid product A1 Process fluid Steam L. Key

19. ERT 213 • flowsheeting • PFD & P&ID • ERT 321 • dynamics • control • ERT 322 • safety • operability • ERT 424/428 • integrated • process design ? Where does it fit into Bioprocess Engineering program? Series of “cap-stone” courses reinforce and integrate knowledge. Math, science and engineering sciences • Reinforce • Learn new aspects • Integrate knowledge • Build professional skills Engineer in training

20. Thermodynamics Reaction Engineering Heat Transfer Fluid Mechanics Where does it fit into Bioprocess Engineering program? What happens when I open this valve?

21. ERT 213/3 • flowsheeting • PFD & P&ID • ERT 321/4 • dynamics • control • ERT 322/4 • safety • operability • ERT 424/428/3 • integrated • process design Process Control is a bridge from basic courses to engineering practice Engineering students Engineering studies Engineers in training Engineering practice Engineering Practice

22. Thank you…