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The Progressive Era

Explore the key elements of the Progressive Era, including social welfare, moral improvement, economic reform, and political change. Learn about important figures and legislation that shaped this era of progressivism.

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The Progressive Era

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  1. The Progressive Era

  2. Progressivism

  3. What is Progressivism? • Definition • Origins

  4. 1. Protecting Social Welfare • Social Gospel and Settlement House movements • What are they? • What did they set up? • Florence Kelley

  5. Educational Reform • Mandatory School Laws • Education for Immigrants • Education for African Americans • Changes in Universities

  6. 2. Promoting Moral Improvement • Prohibition • Carry Nation • Married to an alcoholic • Women’s Christian Temperance Movement (1874) • Anti-Saloon League (1895)

  7. 3. Creating Economic Reform • Socialism • Muckrakers

  8. 4. Fostering Efficiency • Brandeis Brief • Scientific Management and the Assembly Line

  9. Legal Reform • 1. Local Government Reform • 2. Regulating Business • 3. Protecting Children

  10. Political Reform • Initiatives • Referendums • Recalls • The Seventeenth Amendment (1912)

  11. The Presidency of Teddy Roosevelt (1901-1908)

  12. Roosevelt’s Early Life • Born in 1858 in New York City • Active outdoorsman • Hunting in Dakotas • Active in sports • Military Career • Lt. Colonel of the Rough Riders Regiment in the Spanish American War • Political Career • Becomes governor of NY with help from a political boss • VP for McKinley in 1900

  13. The “Square Deal” and the “Bully Pulpit” • Square Deal • Bully Pulpit

  14. Use of Federal Power • Trust Busting • Revived Sherman Anti-Trust Act • Went after trusts • Unable to slow merger movement • Arbitrators • Coal Strike of 1902 • Who was the major player in settling this dispute? • Railroad Regulations • Elkins Act  illegal to distribute rebates • Hepburn Act  limited the distribution of RR passes • How did these change the railroad industry?

  15. Welcome to The Jungle • Upton Sinclair’s 1904 novel • Inspired Roosevelt to reform meatpacking industry • Meat Inspection Act • Pure Food & Drug Act

  16. Welcome to The Jungle • Meat Inspection Act • The Good  Cleanliness Requirements for meatpackers & federal programs for Meat Inspection • The Bad  Government pays for inspection & companies did not have to put a date of processing. • Pure Food & Drug Act • Halted the sale of contaminated foods & medicines • Called for “truth in labeling”

  17. Conservation & Natural Resources • Gifford Pinchotnamed head of US Forest Service • Wanted to keep land exempt from private sale • John Muir persuaded Roosevelt to set aside acres of land for conversation & wildlife sanctuaries. • What was the difference between Muir’s and Roosevelt’s views on conservation?

  18. Teddy Roosevelt and Civil Rights • Supported individual efforts for Civil Rights • Failure to support Civil Rights as a whole • African-American response

  19. William Howard Taft (1908-1912)

  20. Complete Worksheet: “Should you Vote for Taft?

  21. Video on the 1912 Election • Discuss Questions • Why is Taft considered to be a Progressive President?

  22. Woodrow Wilson (1912-1920)

  23. Wilson’s Background • Southerner • Exposed to the Civil War and the Reconstruction • Strict Upbringing • Lawyer • 1902: President of Princeton • 1910: Governor of New Jersey • Supported Progressive legislation

  24. The “New Freedom” • Belief: attacking large corporations of their power gives greater freedom to average citizens

  25. Anti-Trust Reform • Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914) • Federal Trade Commission (1914)

  26. New Tax System • 1. Underwood Act (1913) • 2. Federal Tax Income (1913) • 3. Federal Reserve System (1913)

  27. Wilson and Civil Rights • How did Wilson’s attitudes towards Civil Rights hurt the Progressive Movement? • Examples • Responses: • Booker T. Washington • WEB DuBois • William Monroe Trotter • Carrie Chapman Catt

  28. Does Wilson deserve the title of a Progressive President?

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