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Foundations of American Government: Framework and Principles

Explore the origins, structure, and principles of the American government, from the social contract to constitutional amendments. Learn about the branches of government, democracy criteria, and influential figures like John Locke and Thomas Jefferson.

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Foundations of American Government: Framework and Principles

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  1. Chapter 1-3 Review Questions

  2. Chapter 1 • People surrender themselves to the government in exchange for maintaining order • Social Contract • Divides the power of government between the federal and state government • Federal System

  3. Chapter 1 • Believed that people were born with natural rights • John Locke • Believed that people can’t exist in a “state of nature” • Thomas Hobbes

  4. Chapter 1 • List the three characteristics of democracy • Individual liberty • Majority Rule with Minority Rights • Free Elections

  5. Chapter 1 • What are the five criteria for democracy to thrive? • Active citizen participation • Favorable economy • Education • strong civil society • Social census

  6. Chapter 1 • Power in the hands of a single person • Autocracy • People govern themselves • Direct democracy

  7. Chapter 2 • to approve • Ratify • Two English principles that influenced the development of the US • limited government • representative government

  8. Chapter 2 • First document the king of England had to sign that limited the power of the gov’t • Magna Carta • First written constitution in the colonies • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

  9. Chapter 2 • 1st plan of self government by the Pilgrims • Mayflower Compact • 1st legislature in the colonies • Virginia House of Burgesses

  10. Chapter 2 • Wrote the Declaration of Independence • Thomas Jefferson • Provides a plan/rules for the government • Constitution

  11. Chapter 2 • This event caused many Americans to want a strong national government • Shays Rebellion

  12. Chapter 2 • Supported the Constitution and a strong national government • Federalists

  13. Chapter 2 • Antifederalist thought this was missing from the Constitution • Bill of Rights

  14. Chapter 2 • This plan had these features: • unicameral house • strong executive • national court system • New Jersey Plan

  15. Chapter 3 • What are the three sections of the Constitution? • Preamble • Articles (7) • Amendments (27)

  16. Chapter 3 • What are the six major principles of the Constitution? • popular sovereignty • federalism • separation of powers • checks and balances • judicial review • limited government

  17. Chapter 3 • Which branch is considered the “voice of the people”? • The Legislative • Name the three branches in order of their creation • Legislative, Executive, Judicial

  18. Chapter 3 • Powers written in the Constitution are called • Enumerated or Expressed Powers • List 3 expressed powers Congress has • Levy taxes, declare, borrow money, coin money, raise and support armed forces, establish post office, etc.

  19. Chapter 3 • The Supreme Court case that established the power of Judicial Review • Marbury vs. Madison • Government is based on the consent of the governed and derive their power from the people • Popular Sovereignty

  20. Chapter 3 • His court practiced Judicial Activism • Chief Justice Earl Warren

  21. Chapter 3 • Each branch of government is able to exercise some control over the other • Checks and balance • How can the Congress check the veto of the President? • 2/3 vote of each house

  22. Chapter 3 • Powers that limit the government • Expressed/Enumerated Powers • This part of the Constitution will help a changing nation • Amendments

  23. Chapter 3 • Powers that are “necessary and proper” • Implied powers (elastic clause) • What can over turn the Supreme Court’s decision? • Constitutional Amendment

  24. Chapter 3 • What are the two methods of ratification for an Amendment? • 3/4 vote in each state legislature • 3/4 vote in special convention • When must an Amendment be ratify within? • 7 years

  25. Chapter 3 • The constitutional principle that divides power between the national and state government • Federalism • Who has the power to confirm Presidential nominations? • the Senate (NOT CONGRESS, Congress= House + Senate)

  26. Chapter 3 • What is the Congress, President’s, and Supreme Court’s role in regards to laws? • Congress writes the laws • President enforces the laws • Supreme Court interprets the laws

  27. Chapter 3 • Which Amendment guarantees freedom of religion? • 1st Amendment • Which Amendment requires a warrant or probable cause to search a person? • 4th Amendment

  28. Chapter 3 • Which Amendment states that a person can not be tried for the same crime twice • 5th Amendment • Which Amendment states that “reserved powers” belong to the states • 10th Amendment

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