Unit 10 Exam Review Quiz

1. Unit 10 Exam Review Quiz Grade: «grade» Aquatic Science Subject: «date» Date:

2. 1 A species, such as the emperor penguin, that is not likely to decline to an endangered level, even without any regulatory protections, is categorized as: A Vulnerable B Least Concerned C Near Threatened D Conservation Dependent

3. 2 Which of the following magnifies all the other effects of other factors causing species decline/extinction: A habitat loss B human population growth C pollution of the air and water D introduction of invasive species

4. 3 When considering national wastefulness & export, which of the following is FALSE: A Wealthy countries tend to be more wasteful than poorer countries B The fishing industries of wealthy countries are prosperous and decreasing fish prices globally C Large tracts of land in poorer countries are cleared for exports to wealthy countries D Over-exploitation can cause habitat destruction and cause species extinction

5. 4 The disappearance of a particular population within an area, but not globally defines: A extinction B critically endangered C habitat loss D extirpation

6. 5 Which of the following is a reason for the high amount of biodiversity found near the equator: A a variety of temperatures allowing for many different niches B a consistent topography allowing for many mountain-dwelling niches near fresh water lakes C a consistent daily amount of light to feed the base of the food chain D a consistent low temperature due to the specific heat of salt water

7. 6 The average rate of extinction that would be considered background extinction is _______ species going extinct every 500 to 1,000 years. A 1 B 10 C 100 D 1,000

8. 7 Which of the following works to increase the overall population size: A deaths and immigration B immigration and emmigration C emmigration and births D births and immigration

9. 8 All of the following are reasons why scientists are unsure of the actual number of species on the planet, EXCEPT: A Many terrestrial species are highly migratory & difficult to keep track of B Many species are tiny and inconspicuous C Some areas remain little explored D Some species are very similar in appearance

10. 9 True or False: Only rich, first world nations are wasteful. True False

11. 10 All of the following are examples of human habitat destruction/alteration EXCEPT: A Urban development B Marine Aquaculture (fish farming) C Forest clearing due to fires from lightning D The introduction of agricultural crops such as soy, wheat, and corn

12. 11 When considering extinction & conservation biology, which of the following is FALSE: A A goal is to reduce the escalating threats to biodiversity B A goal is to educate people concerning the fact of that which harms biodiversity will eventually harm mankind C A goal is to eradicate extinction as a whole D A goal is to prevent the extinction rate from exceeding the rate of speciation

13. 12 Bowhead whales were hunted almost to extinction but have started to recover after hunting was banned. If hunting were to be reinstated, the populations would rapidly decline to a severely threatened state within 5 years. This is an example of a _____________ species. A Extinct in the Wild B Conservation Dependent C Vulnerable D Endangered

14. 13 Which of the following is NOT a guiding principle of conservation biology A Evolutionary Change B Extinction Equilibrium C Dynamic Ecology D Human Change

15. 14 The global population in 2050 is likely to be around A 6.7 billion people B 7.5 billion C 7.8 billion D 9.2 billion

16. 15 A minimum viable population (MVP) is defined as: A A minimum number of species (250 or less) that categorize a species as critically endangered B The total number of species that live within an area that is considered "highly biodiverse" C The minimum number of species required to maintain a population's adaptable level of genetic diversity D The minimum population level required to maintain reproductive rates similar to the last 5 generations of a given population

17. 16 Biodiveristy can be best described as A a large number of the same genetic variations B a large population within an ecosystem C a variety of species within a community D a variety of ecosystems within a population

18. 17 True or False: Humans have only recently been for their environmental destruction. True False

19. 18 In the 1950's the global human population was between: A 2 and 3 billion B 4 and 5 billion C 6 and 7 billion D 9 and 10 billion

20. 19 What percent of the global population relies on fish and aquatic inverts for their main/only source of protein A 25% B 50% C 70% D 90%

21. 20 A population that has or will decrease by 90% within 10 years defines: A Extinct in the Wild B Conservation Dependent C Vulnerable D Critically Endangered

22. 21 What percent of global oceanic fisheries are being fished beyond the recommended sustainable yield? A 25% B 40% C 55% D 80%

23. 22 A species that cannot be found in the wild or in captivity: A Extinct B Extinct in the Wild C Vulnerable D Conservation dependent

24. 23 The individuals that advocate a resource-based approach to the management of natural resources describes: A Preservationists B Conservationists C Biologists D Ecologist

25. 24 When considering the percent of species, the majority of species that make up the IUCN Red List are: A mammals B aves (birds) C molluscs D amphibians

26. 25 Which of the following international organizations is responsible for finding pragmatic solutions for the most pressing environmental challenges: A FDA B EPA C IUCN D EPBC

27. 26 Which of the following is adaptive radiation: A A species of moth eventually changes from ash/white to brown to avoid predators B A clown fish uses a anemone as shelter in a mutualistic relationship C A shift in the average speed on an antelope species in reaction to predators D Finches developing different types of beaks to feed on different food sources

28. 27 The red-tailed shark can only be found in the aquarium trade. This means that this organism is: A Extinct B Extinct in the Wild C Vulnerable D Conservation Dependent

29. 28 Approximately how many species do we know exist on the planet: A 1.75 billion B 1.75 million C 10 million D 10 billion

30. 29 Why is it that developing countries that used to be self-sufficient when concerning food are now having to import food? A the global agricultural system has collapsed B the rise in the use of corn as a fuel crop instead of a food crop has caused a spike in food prices C the human populations in those countries have increased faster than the food infrastructure in those countries D the water quality in developing countries has improved to the point that they are now energy independent

31. 30 Prior to the existence of humans, how many mass extinctions (over half of global species are wiped out) have occurred? A 3 B 5 C 20 D 42

32. 31 Using the provided chart, what assumption can be made about mankind's impact on larger species: A Human's development of industrial technology has caused a massive decline in species diversity. B Mankind's destructive hunting practices have only recently caused large-scale extinctions. C Mankind's pollution of the environment through the use of heavy metals & plastics has a direct association with the decline of larger species populations. D Human hunting practices are directly associated with an exponential decline in larger animal populations.

33. 32 True or False: Humans have only recently (since the Industrial Revolution, 1760-1840) been environmentally destructive. True False

34. 33 The management and sustainable use of the natural environment and natural resources for ethical reasons and the benefit of humanity defines A Biology B Conservation Chemistry C Conservation Physiology D Conservation Biology

35. 34 Unequal distribution of species diversity near the equator defines: A species richness B latitudinal richness C equatorial gradient D latitudinal gradient

36. 35 Which of the following defines an “umbrella species?" A A charismatic species that through the protection provided for itself has a trickle-down protective effect. B A species that is large enough to defend itself against most humans, thus providing an "protect" area for the smaller species that live nearby. C A beloved species that was driven to extinction, providing a sad example for the necessity of protection for contemporary species. D A species that is relatively small, thus making it easier to protect & serving as an example for protection of large & more difficult species.

37. 36 The affinity for parks & wildlife, keeping of pets, and high relative values of real estate with landscape views are all examples of human's A biophilia B biophobia C ecotourism D ecoconservationism

38. 37 Which of the following is considered the most directly damaging to the survival of a species: A The introduction of invasive species B Pollution in the air and water C Habitat alteration/destruction D Overexploitation

39. 38 A species that is found in large numbers in captivity, but the wild populations are declining due to habitat loss (at risk of becoming endangered) are considered: A critically endangered B near threatened C extinct in the wild D vulnerable

40. 39 For a species to be considered Critically Endangered, which of the following must be true A The population of the species can be found in only one area on the planet B The population of the species totals less than 350 individuals C The population of the species totals less than 250 mature adults D The species used to be located globally, but now can only be found in one area on the globe

41. 40 All of the following factors make a species vulnerable to extinction EXCEPT: A The species requires a large range in which it lives B The species is easily able to exist in captivity C The species is of economic value to humans and exists in developing countries D The species only occur in habitats that are now threatened