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Dignitary Protection 101. An introduction to protective service operations, terms and procedures. Purpose.
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Dignitary Protection 101 An introduction to protective service operations, terms and procedures
Purpose The successful protection detail favors the use of proactive measures to avoid the confrontation, while maintaining a reactive capability in the form of good plans, procedures and training to aid in escaping the confrontation. You must take a proactive approach to protection details. • The vast majority of organized attacks are successful • The bodyguards usually die • The bodyguards rarely fire their guns effectively, if at all • The bodyguards gunfire almost never affects the outcome of the attack Dignitary Protection 02/08/04
Identifying the threat level The perceived threat on the principal will determine the type of protective detail and countermeasures used. Political Candidate/Dignitary/Celebrity • What does he or she represent • Issues and stands • Prior actions against the individual • Current threat data Dignitary Protection 02/08/04
Route Selection Site Security Communications Intelligence Traffic Hospital Surveys Luggage Security Close Proximity Personnel Fixed Posts Motorcades Command Post Aerial Support Counter snipers Operations Dignitary Protection 02/08/04
Recommended Minimum 5 to 6 person team Protect left side of the principal Point man should have the principal in his peripheral view 50% of the time Attempt to block the path of the attacker Do not let the principal enter a doorway first In hallways keep the principal in the center Keep the principal away from doorways, alcoves, etc Move towards the attacker not away Close Proximity
During an assault Push the principal to the ground Cover the principal Push the principal into the crowd Evacuate the principal to the limo or safe room within the building or leave the building Id the problem and take action if within arms reach Use handshake release Apply pressure to wrist joint and pull up on the thumb Block items being thrown Protect the principal Close Proximity
Assault Situations There are four primary considerations during an assault Arms Reach situations Take action Sound off Situations First man who sees problem sounds off Id problem and use simple terms, ex. Gun, knife Cover considerations Have principal squat DL and SL close and cover principal Evacuation considerations Move to limo Move to holding room Move to safe location away from problem Close Proximity
Overall Mission Prevent injury, embarrassment, kidnapping, assignation and safe guard the principals schedule Brief the principal Make sure the principal knows how the protective detail works The primary function of the detail is security and is not a matter or convenience to the principal He/She will follow all orders given by Shift leader in the event of an emergency Working the Principal
Dress Conservative dress Dark colors Bright colors are distracting and draw attention Well tailored jacket Tailored to allow concealment of weapon and easy access Comfortable shoes with rubber soles Working the Principal
Demeanor General Do not smoke Do not chew gum Do not engage the principal in conversation unless initiated by the principal (does not apply to the Shift Leader) Maintain a uniform attitude of professionalism Working the Principal
Demeanor General Keep handcuffs and weapons discreetly secured Refer any problems to the Detail Leader Stay alert and ready for any problems Remember your primary objective is to protect the principal. Do nothing to comprise the security of the principal, yet utilize tact, discretion and common sense Working the Principal
Formations Double Ring Concept The Outer ring: Intelligence, Crowd Attitude Alert for Threat, Reaction The Inner Ring: P Arms Reach Concept, Close Proximity
Formations 5 Man Wedge Formation 1 SL P 4 3 2
Formations 5 Man Diamond Formation 1 2 SL P 3 4
Formations 5 Man Hallway Formation 1 2 SL P 3 4
Formations 4 Man Wedge Formation 1 SL P 2 3
Formations Three Man Diagonal Formation 1 SL P 2 Generally used for mid level Dignitaries, etc
Formations Two Man Formation 1 SL P Generally used for low level Dignitaries, etc
Arrivals and Departures DL SL P 1 3 Dignitary Protection 02/08/04 D 2 D D 4 Lead car Principal’s car Follow up car • Each position has a specific task: • The Detail Leader “DL” calls the check points while the motorcade is moving • # 1 is usually the only shooter if needed • The Drivers “D” always stay with the vehicles
Arrivals and Departures Each position has a specific task upon arrival to the location: Dignitary Protection 02/08/04 1 3 DL SL P D D D 2 4
Site Arrivals and Departures D 1 Dignitary Protection 02/08/04 A P SL D 2 3 4
Site Arrivals and Departures 2 D 1 A Dignitary Protection 02/08/04 2 1 A SL SL P P 4 3 3 4 D
The Picket Line 1 2 SL P 3 4
The Picket Line 1 2 SL P 3 4
The Picket Line 1 2 SL P 3 4
The Picket Line 1 2 SL P 3 4
The Picket Line 4 2 P 1 3 SL
The Picket Line 4 2 P 1 3 SL
The Picket Line 4 2 P 1 3 SL
The Picket Line 4 2 P 1 3 SL
The Picket Line 4 2 P 1 3 SL
Stage and Banquet Deployment 1 5 SL P 4 2 3 seated
Speaking Engagement 1 2 3 P SL 4 Intel Intel Crowd
Elevator Entry 1 2 3 P SL 5 4
Elevator Entry 2 1 3 P SL 5 4
Elevator Entry P SL 2 1 3 4 5
Elevator Entry 4 3 P SL 2 5 1
Elevator Exit 4 3 P SL 2 5 1
Elevator Exit P 3 4 SL 1 2 5
Elevator Exit 3 4 P SL 1 2 5
Route Surveys • Have a primary and secondary route of travel • Each route should be mapped out with check points • Check points should be no farther than 1/8 of a mile apart • Each turn should be designated as a checkpoint and preceded with left or right • Detail leader should call off check points to Command post and Advance personnel as they approach site • Survey should note any possible problem areas • Overpass • Construction areas • Possible choke points with motorcade • Use maps if possible and make sure the directions are clear and easy to follow
Site Surveys Purpose is to identify undesirable elements and physical hazards • Contact person in charge of site • Evaluate where the event is to occur • Consider time principal will be exposed • Examine factors difficult to control • Crowd • Press • Items outside secure areas • Other buildings • onlookers
Site Surveys • Check all travel times and verify • Drive primary and alternate routes • Check and evaluate all emergency data • Phone numbers • Communication equipment • Does it work inside the area • Emergency Escape Route • Determine location of Holding room • Establish security posts • Determine personnel logistics for site
Site Surveys • If possible get copies of floor plans and master key • Maybe needed in the event of an emergency and escape • Establish buffer areas –best if not less than 30 ft • Press area • General Public • Invitees • Prepare Preliminary survey report
Site Surveys Types if Security Site Surveys • Airports • Hotels • Ballrooms • Private (residence, office, etc.) • Open air areas • Parks, construction sites, etc