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Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University

Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University. TROPICAL GLACIERS Georg Kaser Institut für Geographie Universität Innsbruck. 1. Radiation geometry: sun in zenith 2(1) times annualy. 2. Δ T a ≤ Δ T d : thermally homogenous in space and time.

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Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University

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  1. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University TROPICAL GLACIERSGeorg KaserInstitut für GeographieUniversität Innsbruck

  2. 1. Radiation geometry: sun in zenith 2(1) times annualy 2. ΔTa≤ΔTd: thermally homogenous in space and time 3. ITCZ: hygric seasonality with 2(1) wet / dry seasons Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Tropical glaciers Kaser, Hastenrath and Ames, ZGG (1996)

  3. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Kaser & Osmaston (2002) Annual variation of air temperature (monthly means) against geographical latitude stations > 3000 m a.s.l. O = Querococha

  4. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Tropical Glaciers Km2 % Rwenzori 1.5 0.06 Mt. Kenya 0.3 0.01 Kilimanjaro 2.6 0.10 Afrika < 4.4 0.18 Irian Jaya 2.3 0.09 Colombia 87 3.48 Venezuela 1.8 0.07 Equador 90 3.60 Peru 1,780 71.21 Bolivia 534 21.36 S America 2,492.8 99.73 Total 2,499 100 Cordillera Blanca, Peru LIA: 875 ± 25 km2 1920s: 825 ± 25 km2 1970: 670 ± 10 km2 1990: 620 ± 10 km2 Today: < 600 km2 LIA to today: - 30% Georges, AAAR (2004) SLR: ~ 0.04 mm Total area: < 2.500 km2 Thickness: ~ 25 m Kaser and Osmaston (2002) Estimated volume: 50 to 60 109 m3 SLE: 0.11 to 0.13 mm

  5. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Tropical glacier area changes (100% = appr. around 1900)

  6. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Hadley cell and ITCZ along the tropical Andes wet season dry season

  7. Runoff Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Precipitation

  8. WET Glaciar Zongo Wagnon et al. GPCh (1998) DRY Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Glaciar Artesonraju, April 04 – March 05

  9. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Seasonality and Runoff Kaser et al., JH(2003)

  10. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University ITGG - model Ablation (Ta,P,F) Ta air temperature P precipitation F QL/QL + QM Kaser,JGlac (2001) Parameterisation of moisture impact on energy fluxes determined via an internal calibration procedure LWin, F, SWin, albedo: as functions of P

  11. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Runoff from Llanganuco catchment (34 % glaciated) - Projections Juen et a., G&PCh, 2005

  12. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University • Glacier mass balance • from • hydrological balance • 1953 - 1994 • mean over 5 basins • Pachacoto (9.7% glac.) • Quillcay (17.4%) • Chancos (24.1%) • Llanganuco (33.5%) • Parón (40.9%) • length variations: • Yanamarey • Uruashraju • Broggi Kaser et al., J.Hydr. (2003)

  13. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Cordillera Blanca - cummulative mass balance hydrological model ITGG model + NCEP/NCAR-RA

  14. D R Y W E T Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University Precipitation - mean of 5 stations in Cordillera Blanca 1953 - 1994

  15. Tropical Glaciology Group Innsbruck University

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