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Electric Field

DC Current Electricity and Magnetism in Electrical Conductors. Electric Field. An Electric Field or Force Surrounding a Charged Particle.

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Electric Field

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  1. DC Current Electricity and Magnetism in Electrical Conductors

  2. Electric Field An Electric Field or Force Surrounding a Charged Particle An electric field radiates outward from a positive charge and radiates in toward a negative point charge.

  3. Current Electricity • The movement of Electric Charges is called Current. • Current is measured by the amount of charge (Coulombs) passing through the cross-sectional area of a conductor in a given period of time (Seconds). • A Conventional Current flows from a positive battery terminal to a negative battery terminal.

  4. Electric Fields Drive Current Electricity

  5. Conventional Current Anion Cation Assumes Charge Flows from Positive to Negative

  6. + + + + + + + + + + Current Electricity Batteries use electrochemical reactions to produce dissimilar charges used to create current in DC motors and circuits. Ions contain CHARGES that create electric fields

  7. + + + + + + + + + + Current Electricity The electric field produced in a battery forces current through an electric circuit or conductor connected across the battery poles, Ions contain CHARGES that create electric fields. These opposite electric fields produce imbalanced forces necessary to move the charges through the circuit.

  8. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + A current created by the unidirectional movement of charge(s) through a conductor is called a direct current. This current is produced by all batteries

  9. Negative Battery Terminal Positive Battery Terminal Direction of Conventional Current Magnetic Field Lines When current moves through a conductor a circular magnetic field is induced around the conductor

  10. The Right Hand Rule The direction of the magnetic field surrounding the conductor can be found using your right hand Position the thumb of your right hand pointing in the direction of conventional current(Positive to Negative) and your fingers will wrap around the conductor in the direction of the induced magnetic field.

  11. X The Direction and Motion of an Induced Magnetic Field in a Conductor Current Coming Towards You Current Moving Away From You

  12. Current and Magnetism in a Coil When current moves through a coiled conductor a circular magnetic field is induced about the coil

  13. Fixed Magnets Motor (armature) rotation is caused by the simultaneous attraction and repulsion between the electromagnetic field in the armature and a fixed magnetic field Armature

  14. Force Fixed Magnetic Field Induced Magnetic Field (Due to current) A Conductor in a Fixed Magnetic Field A Current Carrying Conductor in a Fixed Magnetic Field

  15. S N A Motor Armature in a Fixed Magnetic Field Direction of Force (Torque) acting to turn the Armature (Conductor) The magnetic field surrounding a current carrying conductor interacts with an existing magnetic field.

  16. Fleming's Left Hand (Motor) Rule Thumb = Direction of Conductor Motion Fore Finger = Direction of Fixed Magnetic Field (N to S) Middle Finger = Conventional Current Direction Determines the direction of DC current carrying conductor in a fixed magnetic field

  17. Fleming's Left Hand (Motor) Rule Direction of Rotation Fixed Magnetic Field Direction Conventional Current Direction S N

  18. S N A Use the Left Hand Rule to Determine the Rotation Direction of the Armatures in A and B Hint: You will have to turn your left hand upside down for example A B Notice that when the current through the armature is reversed, it moves (Rotates) in the opposite direction S N

  19. Magnetic Forces Acting on Parallel Current Carrying Conductors Two parallel conductors carrying current in the same direction will attract each other

  20. Magnetic Forces Acting on Parallel Current Carrying Conductors North Two parallel conductors carrying currents in opposite directions will repel each other, and they will set up a polarized magnetic field between themselves. X South

  21. X Magnetic Forces Acting on Parallel Current Carrying Conductors South South North North Wrapping current carrying conductors around an iron core creates an electro magnet

  22. The Armature of a Brush Commutated DC Motor is made up of Current Carrying Conductors Wrapped Around an Iron Core The Motor Armature is an electro Magnet and Operates according to the Principles Described in this Slide Show

  23. End The

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