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NiKlad ELV 835

NiKlad ELV 835. Organically Stabilised Electroless Nickel. Why an Organically Stabilized EN. RoHS/WEEE/ELV legislation Limits metal stabilizers Competitors reverted to early stabilizers system Technical issues with early systems More stringent controls being introduced NSF/51 JPSSFI

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NiKlad ELV 835

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  1. NiKlad ELV 835 Organically Stabilised Electroless Nickel

  2. Why an Organically Stabilized EN • RoHS/WEEE/ELV legislation • Limits metal stabilizers • Competitors reverted to early stabilizers system • Technical issues with early systems • More stringent controls being introduced • NSF/51 • JPSSFI • Pressure from large OEM’s and Countries • Volvo Black list • China ELV

  3. Issues with Existing Processes • Earlier Stabilizers • Already replaced by Lead and Cadmium for process improvements • Re-used as Cadmium and Lead removed • Issues with early formulations • Product stability • Semi matrix systems difficult to produce • Activation of some substrates is very poor,e.g. copper alloys

  4. Organic Stabilisers • They do not presently fall into any “prospective” environmental legislation • Originally developed 20 years ago • Elnic 100 organically stabilised • First generation had technical limitations • Work started on next generation 3 years ago • Initially, only available as semi bright • Were more difficult to control

  5. Newer Processes • Development over past 2 years • Family of 4 processes now developed and in use: • Mid Phos 6 – 9% NiKlad ELV 838 • Low Mid Phos 4 – 6% NiKlad ELV 835 • Low Phos 1 – 3 % NiKlad ELV 824 • EN Strike NiKlad ELV 831

  6. MidPhos. NiKlad ELV 835 • Equipment & Operation Experience • Polypropylene tanks - OK • Stainless Steel tanks - OK • 6 g/L Nickel use - OK • LMO™ - OK • Substrates • Steel - OK • Copper - OK • Brass - OK • Aluminum (cast/wrought) - OK • Thicknesses from 0.1 to 11 mils • In use at 8 applicators

  7. Why Use These Baths • RoHS compliant, and as long as the use of nickel is still acceptable…. • No shelf life issues for product stability • Can be used as LMO* • Easy to use and tolerant to abuse * Low Metal Operation

  8. Deposit Composition • Deposit contains only nickel, phosphorus, carbon and sulphur • Carbon and sulphur contents are similar to conventional low medium phosphorus

  9. Deposit Composition

  10. NiKlad ELV 835 - Experiences • Stability • Used in Anodically Protected Stainless Steel • Polypropylene • No issues, in fact opinion was in favour of superior stability over conventional systems and at least as good as the ELV systems

  11. NiKlad ELV 835- Speed

  12. NLV 835 - Speed • Many customers can achieve over 1 mil/Hr (25ums/Hr), even when the bath is old • It can be difficult to load the bath when plating this fast • Customers are using 10 – 15 oF (6 – 9oC)lower temperature at nominally the same speed • Saving energy over older chemistry

  13. NiKlad ELV 835 - Speed

  14. NiKlad ELV 835 - Gloss

  15. NiKlad ELV 835 - Gloss • Brightness is slightly reduced when compared to conventional systems • This is very true for a new bath • Brightness is comparable to other ELV processes • Brightness very consistent over the bath life • Some customers like this consistency

  16. NiKlad ELV 835 - Stress

  17. NiKlad ELV 835 - Hardness

  18. NiKlad ELV 835 - Hardness • The hardness and wear resistance is superior to medium phosphorus baths • It is similar to conventional baths with similar phosphorus contents

  19. NiKlad ELV 835 - Wear

  20. NiKlad ELV 835 - Wear

  21. NiKlad ELV 835 - Corrosion Resistance • The process performs to the same standard as 5 – 7% phosphorus baths at customers • Electrochemical testing shows similar results with medium and low medium phosphorus baths • NSS testing gave > 120 hours with a new solution and 1 mil plating

  22. NiKlad ELV 835 - Corrosion Resistance 96 Hours

  23. NiKlad ELV 835 - Corrosion Resistance 144 Hours

  24. NiKlad ELV 835 - Operational Experience • Effect of large additions • Operation as an LMO • Bath Loading • Use of lower temperatures • Activation of Substrates

  25. NiKlad ELV 835 - Operational Experience • Effect of large additions • Bath is less sensitive to large additions than conventional chemistry • Largest addition made was >60% in a single addition • Bath continued to plate with little or no negative effects

  26. NiKlad ELV 835 - Operational Experience • Operation as an LMO • Ideal, due to low sensitivity to additions • Operation as a LMO does not require controllers • Bath Loading • Bath functions in a wide range of bath loadings, from 0.01 to 1.5 ft2/gal (0.03 – 4.0 dm2/L)

  27. NiKlad ELV 835 - Operational Experience • Use of lower temperatures • As stated earlier, due to the high speed it is possible to reduce the temperature and still obtain good rates • Activation of Substrates • Unlike some of the ELV compliant chemistries, activation is very fast

  28. NiKlad ELV 835 - Operational Experience • Bath Life • The bath consumes hypophosphite at the same rate as a normal low medium phosphorus bath. • Can be used to > 8 MTO’s • Due to low stress and high speed useful life is greater than the older conventional systems • Life on aluminum is at least as good as the older conventional systems • 6 MTO’s on 7075 alloy with no strike

  29. NiKlad ELV 835 - Operational Experience • Pretreatment • Good pretreatment is critical for these processes • Can drag in organics reducing the effectiveness of the stabilisers • It does not smooth over smut as effectively as a cadmium brightened bath • You cannot easily activate copper and brass using palladium

  30. NiKlad ELV 835 - Summary • The use of non metallic stabilisers as a viable alternative to the traditional metallic systems is now production proven • These baths have few disadvantages and many advantages including: • Speed • Energy Efficiency • Product Stability • Future Proofing

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