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Arrhenius Acids and Bases

Arrhenius Acids and Bases. Question of the Day: Which are acids? Which are bases? How can you tell?. Arrhenius Acids. A substance whose water solution contains H + as the only positive ion. Cl. Cl -. H. +. H +. HCl  H + + Cl -.

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Arrhenius Acids and Bases

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  1. Arrhenius Acids and Bases Question of the Day: Which are acids? Which are bases? How can you tell?

  2. #8.2 Aim: What are Arrhenius acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Arrhenius theory (15) Activity: Drawing acids and bases (15) Summary (5) HW#17 Arrhenius Acids A substance whose water solution contains H+ as the only positive ion. Cl Cl- H + H+ HCl  H+ + Cl- Does that mean that all compounds that contain H are acids? Nope! CH4 does not release H+ in water

  3. #8.2 Aim: What are Arrhenius acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Arrhenius theory (15) Activity: Drawing acids and bases (15) Summary (5) HW#17 Properties of acids are properties of the hydronium ion (H3O+) + H H H O O + H+ H H H+ + H2O  H3O+ An H+ ion and a proton are the same.(Both have one proton, no neutrons, and no electrons). What’s the difference between an H+ ion and a proton? Nothing!

  4. Rewriting the dissociation of HCl in H2O Cl Cl- H + H+ HCl  H+ + Cl- H + - H Cl- Cl- O O + + H H H H HCl + H2O  H3O+ + Cl-

  5. #8.2 Aim: What are Arrhenius acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Arrhenius theory (15) Activity: Drawing acids and bases (15) Summary (5) HW#17 Arrhenius Bases A substance whose water solution contains OH- as the only negative ion. - properties of bases are properties of the hydroxide ion (OH-). O O Na Na+ + H H NaOH  Na+ + OH- Are all compounds containing OH’s bases? Nope! CH3OH is not a base.

  6. #8.2 Aim: What are Arrhenius acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Arrhenius theory (15) Activity: Drawing acids and bases (15) Summary (5) HW#17 Some bases do not look like bases until you put them in water… NH3 ? NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH- H H H H H - H H N O O H + N + H H

  7. #8.3 Aim: How do we name acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Acid strength (10) Naming acids and bases (10) Activity: Acid and base strength (15) Summary (5) HW#18 Acid/base strength The more ions released in solution, the stronger the acid or base H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+

  8. Which is a strong acid? Weak acids/bases only create a small percentage of ions -Reversible Reaction Strong acids/bases create many ions -Complete Reaction Cl- X H H+ Cl- H X Cl- Cl- X- X H+ H H+ H+

  9. #8.2 Aim: What are Arrhenius acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Arrhenius theory (15) Activity: Drawing acids and bases (15) Summary (5) HW#17 So how can you tell if a substance is an Arrhenius acid or base? Put it in water and see what ions are released! OR… Look at Table of Acid and Base Strength

  10. #8.2 Aim: What are Arrhenius acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Arrhenius theory (15) Activity: Drawing acids and bases (15) Summary (5) HW#17 Check for understanding: According to Arrhenius theory of acids, citric acid in oranges and acetic acid in vinegar are classified as acids because their aqueous solutions contain 1. hydrogen atoms 2. hydrogen ions 3. hydroxide atoms 4. hydroxide ions

  11. #8.2 Aim: What are Arrhenius acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Arrhenius theory (15) Activity: Drawing acids and bases (15) Summary (5) HW#17 Check forUnderstanding: When an Arrhenius base is dissolved in H2O, the only negative ion present in the solution is 1. OH- 2. H3O- 3. H- 4. O2-

  12. Activity: Acids and bases Each pair will be given two substances. For each, use your reference table along with your notes to follow each step: 1. Is your substance an acid or a base? 2. What kind of ions will its water solution contain? 3. Draw what will happen to your acid or base when you put it in water. For example…

  13. Summary Which is an acid? Which is a base? HNO3 + H2O  H3O+ + NO3- NH3 + H2O  OH- + NH4+ acid base

  14. #8.2 Aim: What are Arrhenius acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Arrhenius theory (15) Activity: Drawing acids and bases (15) Summary (5) HW#17

  15. #8.2 Aim: What are Arrhenius acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Arrhenius theory (15) Activity: Drawing acids and bases (15) Summary (5) HW#17

  16. #8.2 Aim: What are Arrhenius acids and bases? Agenda QOD (5) Lesson: Arrhenius theory (15) Activity: Drawing acids and bases (15) Summary (5) HW#17

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