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Can we infer compositional similarities of soil and plant samples? Wilfred, Michelle, Geoff

Can we infer compositional similarities of soil and plant samples? Wilfred, Michelle, Geoff. C/N ratios δ 13 C FTIR. General Plant Soil Interaction. Temperature Light Humidity. Litterfall. Soil respiration. years. Plant litter *. Microbes *. Fulvic Acids. Humic Acids*.

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Can we infer compositional similarities of soil and plant samples? Wilfred, Michelle, Geoff

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  1. Can we infer compositional similarities of soil and plant samples?Wilfred, Michelle, Geoff • C/N ratios • δ13C • FTIR

  2. General Plant Soil Interaction Temperature Light Humidity Litterfall Soil respiration years Plant litter * Microbes* Fulvic Acids Humic Acids* High N content and low Turnover (100 – 1000 yrs) *Non cellular OM *Cellular OM Loss Modified from Schlesinger 1977

  3. Where should we look for organic matter? Our data Modified from Cox et al. 2000 • Organic content tends to decrease with depth in soil • Our samples do not have a lot of organic matter • May be similar to savannas than temperate grasslands (fire?) Oades 1988 and Jones 1973

  4. Of the SOM is present, can we infer anything about their origin?

  5. Still an average of C3 and C4 plants

  6. Where are the organics going? Different factors promote or inhibit decomposition

  7. Biochemical Constituents Soil Plants Fulvic acid Cellulose Lignin Humic acid

  8. Cell wall material –(Karurakova&Wilson 2001) Cellulose Karurakova et al 2002 Humics Aliphatics humics Si-O humics

  9. Untreated soil dominated by inorganics and are undifferentiable • Cox et al. 2000, Thorton 1986 • Need thermo-extraction

  10. Why is soil low in OM? • rocks • Fungal decomposition and cow grazing might lower OM in soil. • Aliphatics and COOH have inverse relationship with humification process – Chen 1997

  11. Low organics Cox et al. 2000

  12. Root vs Leaf vs Vein

  13. Referenced Literature • Chen L, Wilson R, McCann, MC (1997) Investigation of macromolecule orientation in dry and hydrated walls of single onion eopidermal cells by FTIR microspectry. Journal of Molecular structure (408-409) 257-260 • Cox, RJ, Peterson, HL, Young, J, Cusik, C Espinoza, EO(2000) The forensic analysis of soil organic by FTIR, Forensic Science International 107-116. • Baldock, JA, Skjemstad,JO (2000) Role of soil matrix and minerals in protecting natural organic materials against biological attack. Organic Geochemistry(31) 697-710 • Gigliotti, G, Businelli, D, Guisquiani, PL (1999) Composition changes of soil humus after massive application of urban waste compost: a comparison between FTIR spectroscopy and humification parameters. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems (55) 23-28 • GAMBLE GR, SETHURAMAN A, AKIN DE, et al. (1994) Biodegradation of lignocellulose in Bermuda grass by white rot fungi analyzed by solid state C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY 60 (9): 3138-3144 • Ellerbrock RH, Kaiser M. (2005) Stability and composition of different soluble soil organic matter fractions- evidence from delta 13C and FTIR signatures Geoderma 128 28-37 • Kacurakova, M, Wilson, RH (2001) Developments in midinfrared FT-IR spectroscopy of selected carbohydrates. Carbohydrate Polymers (44) 291-303 • Kacurakova, M. Smith, A. Ridley, G. Wilson, R. (2002) Molecular interactions in bacterial cellulose composites studied by 1D FTIR and dynamic 2D FTIR spectroscopy. Carbohydrate Research 337, 1145-1153 • Oades, JM (1988) The retention of organic matter in soils. Biogeochemistry (5) 35-70 • Jones, MJ (1973) The organic matter content of the savanna soils of west Africa. Journal of Soil Science 24: 42-53 • Schlesinger, WH (1977) Carbon balance in terresrial detritus. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 8: 51-81. In Biogeochemistry Analysis of Global Change 2nd ed.

  14. Additional information S+N = straw LM= manure Ellerbrock 1989

  15. Rajulu et al. 2006. Polymer Science

  16. Yanping and Rockshow 2006. Carbon

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