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Exploring Modern Grammar Teaching Approaches in ESL Education

Dive into the complexities of teaching grammar to English language learners, from historical methods to present-day techniques. Examine attitudes, theories, approaches, and advantages/disadvantages of different teaching methodologies.

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Exploring Modern Grammar Teaching Approaches in ESL Education

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  1. LHE3207: Teaching Grammar to Learners of English as a Second Language B.Ed. TESL UPM PPL Semester 1, 2011/12

  2. Items to pay attention to • What kinds of attitudes do teachers and students have towards the teaching and learning of grammar? • What are the arguments for and against the teaching of grammar? • What are the major theories underlying the teaching of grammar? • What are the issues raised concerning these theories or approaches to teaching grammar?

  3. Items to pay attention to • What are some of the teaching approaches or methodologies of the past and how have they treated the teaching of grammar? • What does present day teaching of grammar emphasise? • What is the difference between Focus on Form and Focus on FormS? • What are present day techniques and approaches to teaching grammar?

  4. Items to pay attention to • What are the advantages and disadvantages of inductive and deductive presentation of grammar? • What do the following terms refer to? – input, intake, proceduralization, negotiation of meaning, negotiation of form, consciousness raising, restructuring.

  5. Arguments for the Teaching of Grammar • Sentence-machine argument • Fine-tuning argument • Fossilisation argument • Advance-organiser argument • Discrete item argument • Rule-of-law argument • Learner expectations argument

  6. Arguments against the Teaching of Grammar • Knowledge-how argument • Communication argument • Acquisition argument • Natural order argument • Lexical chunks argument • Learner expectations argument

  7. Short history of Grammar in language teaching • Classical Method (One-to-one tutoring; to read great books) • Grammar Translation (First institutionalised method; translate into and back) • Direct Method (Berlitz; no grammar) • Audiolingualism (Behaviourism; drills) • Communicative Language Teaching (Chomsky; Prabhu; Krashen; Language vs. Acquisition) • Communicative Approach • Designer Methods (Suggestopedia, Total Physical Response, Community Language Learning etc.)

  8. Present Day Grammar Teaching • Covert and overt teaching of grammar • Fluency vs. accuracy • Grammar revival • Focus on form – what does it mean? • Consciousness raising – attention and noticing • Basic Principles (Thornbury) – E factor (Eficiency –economy, ease, efficacy); A factor (Appropriacy)

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