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D10 Mind-Altering Drugs

D10 Mind-Altering Drugs. Structural similarietes and differences The effects of LSD, mescaline , psilocybin and THC Arguments for and against legalisation of cannabis. Mind-altering drugs ( except THC). Amines Contain the indole ring. Indole ring. Psilocybin. Mescaline.

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D10 Mind-Altering Drugs

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  1. D10 Mind-Altering Drugs • Structuralsimilarietes and differences • The effectsof LSD, mescaline, psilocybin and THC • Arguments for and against legalisation of cannabis

  2. Mind-altering drugs(except THC) • Amines • Contain the indole ring Indole ring Psilocybin Mescaline LSD

  3. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, LSD • Derived from ergot (mjöldryga), a grain fungus that typically grows on rye or wheat • A semisynthetic psychedelic drug • Works by blocking the action of the transmitter substance serotonin • Taken orally • AKA: Acid

  4. Short-term effects of LSD - Restlessness - Dizziness - Desire to laugh - Distortions in sound and visual perception - Unpleasant hallucinations: lead to despair and suicide - Takers might believe that they can “fly”

  5. Long-term effects of LSD - Severe depression - Psychosis: radical changes in personality, impaired functioning, and a distorted or non-existent sense of objective reality - Dramatic mood swings - Loss of communication skills - Loss of appetite

  6. Psilocybin- magic mushrooms • Found in “PsilocybeSemilanceata” • Mushrooms typically contain 0. 2 to 0.4 percent psilocybin • Can be produced synthetically • Mildly hallucinogenic • Ingested orally

  7. Effects of Psilocybin - Hallucinations - Inability to distinguish between reality and fantasy - Panic reactions - Alteration of perception - Dilated pupils - Muscle weakness - Feeling of insight - Not addictive May be confusedwith ”Deadlywebcaps” or EarthlyInocybe”

  8. Feeling of insight, example • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7YYHOdQG9Fw

  9. Mescaline • Dark-brown powder ground from "buttons" of the Mexican cactus ,“peyote”. • Taken orally • Bitter taste

  10. Effects of Mescaline • Headaches • Anxiety • Feeling of dying or annihilation • Euphoria • Hallucinations • Alters visual and auditory perception • Liver damage?

  11. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) • Active ingredient in Marijuana; weed or cannabis • Affects the release of acetylcholine, noradrenaline and dopamine in the brain, and also has analgesic (pain-killing) effects • Intake: smoked, inhaled or eaten • Made from the flowering tops, stems, leaves, and seeds of the Hemp plant

  12. Short-term effects of THC - Feeling of relaxation - Enhanced auditory and visual perception - Loss of sense of time - Confusion - Emotional distress - Anxiety Functionalgroups?

  13. Long-term effects of THC - Apathy: feeling of indifference and suppression of emotions - Lethargy: Fatigue - Lowering of fertility - Risk of cancer

  14. Legalization of Marijuana- pro • Marijuana is available medically to many terminally ill patients as well as for some other conditions: cancer, epilepsy • Legalization would allow police to focus their efforts on more important matters • Taxes on marijuana would possibly generate large amounts of revenue

  15. Legalization of Marijuana-contra -Increased costs to society: especially from cancer and heart disease from smoking -Increased danger from people driving under the influence -Marijuana abuse would increase -Marijuana’s status as a gateway drug would lead to increased addiction to more dangerous drugs such as cocaine, methamphetamines, and heroin

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