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RT 123 INTRODUCTION & Review of Radiation Protection (Merrills Ch. 2)

RT 123 INTRODUCTION & Review of Radiation Protection (Merrills Ch. 2). WK #3. MARIE & PIERRE CURIE. 1898 “NAMED RADIOACTIVITY” DEVELOPED A RADIATION DETECTOR 1914 (WW1) DEVELOPED A MOBILE RADIOGRAPHY X-RAY “CAR” TO TAKE XRAY IN THE BATTLE FRONTS TRAINED 150 “TECHNICIANS” TO OPERATED CARS.

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RT 123 INTRODUCTION & Review of Radiation Protection (Merrills Ch. 2)

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  1. RT 123INTRODUCTION & Review of Radiation Protection(Merrills Ch. 2) WK #3

  2. MARIE & PIERRE CURIE • 1898 • “NAMED RADIOACTIVITY” • DEVELOPED A RADIATION DETECTOR • 1914 (WW1) DEVELOPED A MOBILE RADIOGRAPHY X-RAY “CAR” TO TAKE XRAY IN THE BATTLE FRONTS • TRAINED 150 “TECHNICIANS” TO OPERATED CARS

  3. Early measurement of Radiation • Skin dryness & erythema • AKA radiodermatitis • Ulcers formed • Cataracts • Cancers

  4. DIAGNOSTICRADIOLOGY • STATIC – STILL SHOTS • DYNAMIC • XRAYS IN MOTION • FLUOROSCOPY

  5. STANDARD VS SI UNITS • R - C/kg • Rem - Sievert • Rad - Gray

  6. measurement 100 R = 1 C/kg 1Rad = 1/100 Gray 1 Rem = .01 Sievert (Rad + QF = REM) 1 REM = 10 mSv 1 Rem = 1000mRem

  7. Quality Factor • How dangerous the type of radiation is • Alpha + fast neutrons = 20 • X-ray, Beta, Gamma . = 1

  8. REM • IS A PRODUCT OF THE • QF x RAD

  9. BUNNY A Received 200 rads BUNNY B Received 200 rads Why did the bunny die??

  10. BUNNY A 200 rads of X-RAY = 200 RADS BUNNY B 200 rads of alpha = 4000 rads Why did the bunny die??

  11. Permissible Occupational Dose • Annual dose: • 5 Rem / year 50 mSv / year • Cumulative Dose • 1rem x age 10mSv X age

  12. Occupational DoseANNUAL LIMITS • WHOLE BODY = 5 REMS / 5000mRem • LENS OF THE EYE = 15 REMS • EXTREMITIES = 50 REMS

  13. OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES • 5 REMS / YEAR BUT NOT TO EXCEED 1.25 REM/QUARTER AVERAGE ACTUAL EXPOUSRE IS APPROXIMATELY 50 mrem/year • OLD “MPD 5(Age – 18)”

  14. PUBLIC EXPOSURE • 10 % OF OCCUPATIONAL • NON MEDICAL EXPOSURE • .5 RAD OR 500 MRAD • UNDER AGE 18 AND STUDENT • .1 rem 1 mSv • Pg 98 RTA BOOK

  15. CARDINAL RULESOF RADIATION PROTECTION • TIME • DISTANCE • SHIELDING

  16. ROOM SHIELDING • PRIMARY SHIELD – • PRIMARY BEAM DIRECTED AT WALL • 1/16 LEAD - 7 FEET HIGH

  17. ROOM SHIELDING • SECONDARY – NO PRIMARY BEAM • 1/32 LEAD • CONTROL BOOTH (SECONDARY) • BEAM SCATTERS 2X BEFORE HITTING • LEAD WINDOW – 1.5MM LEAD EQ

  18. MONITORING • CONTROLLED AREA – Used by occupationally exposed personnel (monitored) • 100mrem / WEEK • UNCONTROLLED AREA – PUBLIC • 2 mrem per week*

  19. SHEILDING TECHNOLOGIST . 25 mm LEAD • LEAD APRON, GLOVES • THYROID SHIELD, GLASSES PATIENT – GONAD SHEILDING . 5 mm LEAD

  20. GONAD SHIELDING • MUST BE . 5 MM OF LEAD • MUST BE USED WHEN GONADS WILL LIE WITHING 5 CM OF THE COLLIMATED AREA (RHB) • KUB. Lumbar Spine Pelvis • male vs female shielding

  21. TYPES OF SHEILDING • FLAT /CONTACT • SHAPED • SHADOW

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