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Oracle SQL Built-in Functions

Oracle SQL Built-in Functions. Chapter 5 in Lab Reference. Text Functions Concatenation operator ||. To concatenate column names with other column names or with literal characters. Example: Select name || ‘ has an id of ‘ || ssn From employee;. NAME||’HAS AN ID OF'||SSN

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Oracle SQL Built-in Functions

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  1. Oracle SQL Built-in Functions Chapter 5 in Lab Reference

  2. Text Functions Concatenation operator || To concatenate column names with other column names or with literal characters. Example: Select name || ‘ has an id of ‘ || ssn From employee; • NAME||’HAS AN ID OF'||SSN • ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ • JamilN.Samirhas an id of 123456789 • AmaniF.Zakihas an id of 999887777 • JihanH.Walidhas an id of 987654321 • RamyS.Nabilhas an id of 666884444 • Joyce A.Emanhas an id of 453453453 • Ahmad V.Jabbarhas an id of 987987987 • James B.Baherhas an id of 888665555 • 7 rows selected.

  3. Column Alias Names Example: Select name AS Employee From employee; EMPLOYEE ------------------------------- JamilN.Samir AmaniF.Zaki JihanH.Walid RamyS.Nabil Joyce A.Eman Ahmad V.Jabbar James B.Baher 7 rows selected.

  4. Column Alias Names When you want to include spaces or special charactersin alias names, then enclose the alias name in double quotation marks. Example: Select name || ' has an id of ' || ssn"Important information" From employee; Important information --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- JamilN.Samirhas an id of 123456789 AmaniF.Zakihas an id of 999887777 JihanH.Walidhas an id of 987654321 Ahmad V.Jabbarhas an id of 987987987 James B.Baherhas an id of 888665555 7 rows selected.

  5. Table Alias Names Example: Select T.item_id, T.item_desc From item T; • item_iditem_desc • --------------------------------------------------------- • LA-101 Box, Small • NY-102 Bottle, Large

  6. Number FunctionsROUND The ROUND function rounds the value you want to modify. Example: Select product_name, product_price, ROUND(product_price,0) From product; • product_nameproduct_price ROUND(product_price,0) • ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Roco Pencil 3.95 4 • FABER Pen 5 5 • Roco Pad 2.2 2

  7. Number FunctionsTRUNC The TRUNC function truncates precision from a number. Example: Select product_name, product_price, TRUNC(product_price,0) From product; • product_nameproduct_price TRUNC(product_price,0)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Roco Pencil 3.95 3 • FABER Pen 5 5 • Roco Pad 2.2 2

  8. Number FunctionsPOWER power(m,n) number m raised to the power of n. Example: Select power(salary,2) From employee where ssn=123456789; • POWER(SALARY,2) • ------------------------------------------- • 900000000

  9. Number FunctionsSQRT sqrt(n) returns square root of n. Example: Select sqrt(salary) From employee where ssn=123456789; SQRT(SALARY) -------------------------------------- 173.20508

  10. Text FunctionsUPPER, LOWER & INITCAP These three functions change the case of the text you give them. Example: Select UPPER(product_name) From product; Example: Select LOWER(product_name) From product; • UPPER(product_name) • -------------------------------------------------------- • ROCO PENCIL • FABER PEN • ROCO PAD • LOWER(product_name) • -------------------------------------------------------- • roco pencil • faber pen • roco pad

  11. Text FunctionsUPPER, LOWER & INITCAP Example: Select INITCAP(product_name) From product; • INITCAP(product_name) • ---------------------------------------------------------- • Roco Pencil • Faber Pen Roco Pad

  12. Text FunctionsLENGTH To determine the lengths of the data stored in a database column. Example: Select product_name, LENGTH(product_name) AS “Name_Length” From Product where LENGTH(product_name)>8; • product_nameNAME_Length • --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • FABER Pen 9 • Roco Pencil 11

  13. Text FunctionsSUBSTR To separate multiple bits of data into discrete segments. Example: Select SUBSTR(item_id,1,2) Location, SUBSTR(item_id,4,3) Number, Item_desc From item; Location Number Item_desc --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LA 101 Box, Small NY 102 Bottle, Large

  14. Text FunctionsREPLACE Replace(char, str1, str2) Every occurrence of str1 in char is replaced by str2. Example: Select Replace(name,'Jamil','Sara') From employee; • REPLACE(NAME,'JAMIL','SARA') • ------------------------------------------------------------------- • SaraN.Samir • AmaniF.Zaki • JihanH.Walid • RamyS.Nabil • Joyce A.Eman • Ahmad V.Jabbar • James B.Baher • 7 rows selected.

  15. Date Functions

  16. Data Conversion Functions

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