Installation of packages

1. Installation of packages • Objectives • Using software packaging tools • Contents • Application delivered as • Where to get commonly used rpm’s • Autofs on! • Getting RPM from WEB/FTP • Manually install from disk/net • Installing SRPMS • Creating RPMS • Managing RPM’s • Managing tar-balls • Apt-get • Practical • none • Summary

2. Application delivered as • Binaries • Application comes precompiled • Can be dependent of other libraries, dynamic built. • Can be undependent of other libraries, static built. • Is dependent on SuSE version • Is dependent of plateform ie. I386 architecture or sparc • Sourcecode • Application comes as open c/c++ -source code • You need to have development enviroment installed ie. gcc • Is undependent of plateform • And is stoved in ”tar-balls” • Application is zipped togeather with tar (tape archive record) • Most common for 3:party and application in sourcecode • And is stoved in ”rpm’s” • Application is packaged in special SuSE packet • Most common for SuSE precompiled applications

3. Where To Get Commonly Used RPMs • RPMs On Your Installation CDs • You find all .rpm files in /suse/i386/9.3/suse on CD1-5 • mount /dev/cdrom or install automount • RPMs Downloaded From SuSE 9.3 • http://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/9.3/suse/i586/ • ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/9.3/suse/i586 • http://ftp.suse.com/pub/suse/i386/9.3/suse/noarch Note that you can download i686 and x86_64 as well! • RPMs Downloaded From SuSE 10.0 • http://ftp.opensuse.org/pub/opensuse/distribution/SL-OSS-stable/inst-source/suse/i586/ • Note that you can download i686 and x86_64 as well! • Also look in ”noarch” directory if searching for something • Other places for RPM’s • http://rpmfind.net/ • ftp://ftp.sunet.se

4. Autofs on! • Activate automount of CD rom for ease use. • Usally it is already there, this is how you can check: • You can then ensure that it runs when the system boots using the chkconfig command. • There are two automount configuration files in /etc • auto.master • auto.misc • Restart autofs # rpm -qa | grep autofs autofs-x.x.x-xx # chkconfig autofs on /misc       /etc/auto.misc     --timeout 60 cdrom -fstype=iso9660,ro,nosuid,nodev :/dev/cdrom # /etc/init.d/autofs restart

5. Getting RPMs Using Web Based FTP • from Open SuSE site http://ftp.opensuse.org/ • Use your web browser to go to theSuSE link above • Go to the /pub/opensuse/distribution/SL-OSS-stable/inst-source/suse/noarch/ -directory • Click on the ulimit-1.1-134.noarch.rpm link • Save the file to your hard drive • from RPM find site • Go to the rpmfind link above • Type in ”openldap" in the search box • Click the search button • Scroll down for the RPM that matches your version of SuSE • The right hand column has the links with the actual names of the rpm files • Click the link • Save the file to Linux box's hard drive • With wget # wget http://ftp.opensuse.org/pub/opensuse/distribution/SL-OSS-stable/inst-source/suse/noarch/ulimit-1.1-134.noarch.rpm

6. Getting RPMs Using Anonymous FTP • Open ftp.suse.com • Download your rpm’s • Here we used mget to download several files at same time # ftp ftp.suse.com ftp> cd pub/suse/i386/9.3/suse/i586 ftp> ls clam* ftp> ls clam* 227 Entering Passive Mode (195,135,221,132,54,181) 150 Listing -rw-r--r-- 1 ftp ftp 905426 Jun 01 13:35 clamav-0.85.1-1.1.i586.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 ftp ftp 2183851 Jun 01 13:35 clamav-db-0.85.1-1.1.i586.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 ftp ftp 516505 Mar 19 2005 clamav-debuginfo-0.83-4.i586.rpm 226 Directory send OK. ftp> mget clam* . . . . # by

7. How To Manually Install RPMs • Installing Downloaded rpm-Files & from CDROM INSTALLING # rpm -ivh ulimit-1.1-134.noarch.rpm # rpm-ivh clamav-0.85.1-1.1.i586.rpm -i = Specifies installation as the action to be taken. -v = Will display additional information while installing. -h = Prints 50 hash marks (#) as installation progresses. UPDATING # rpm -Uvh clamav-db-0.85.1-1.1.i586.rpm -U = Update UNINSTALLING # rpm -e clamav -would remove the package named clamav -e = erase

8. How To Manually Install RPMs from NET • Installing rpm-Files from the net FTP Anonymous passwords: # rpm –ivh ftp://www.linux.tucows.com/pub/SuSE/foo.rpm FTP Non anonymous: # rpm -ivh ftp://yahoo@ftp.linux.tucows.com/put/SuSE/foo.rpm password: HTTP # rpm -ivh http://www.linux.tucows.com/pub/SuSE/foo.rpm

9. More RPM afterwork and checkouts • Test install before real install Update test # rpm -Uvh –test clamav-db-0.85.1-1.1.i586.rpm Install test # rpm -ivh --test clamav-0.85.1-1.1.i586.rpm QUERY EXACT # rpm -q ulimit -show package version and if it is installed VERIFY # rpm –verify samba-3.0.13-1.1 -installed package status (as most unix commands,this will only show you results if there are) IS INSTALLED # rpm -qa | grep samba -grep all that begins with samba LISTING FILES # rpm -qpl clamav-0.85.1-1.1.i586.rpm -show all files stoved in rpm package

10. How to Install Source RPMs • Usually installed using a supplier-produced scripts • You have to download them or get them from CD-roms • Files lastnames are .src.rpm • They are usally found in a catalog called src/ • In order to make your application, you need to compile: • Installing compiled SRPMS • SuSE 9.3 keeps its SRPMS files • In: /suse/i386/9.3/suse/src • Built SRPMS is in /usr/src/packages directories: BUILD RPMS SOURCES SPECS SRPMS # rpmbuild --rebuild application.src.rpm . . . # cd /usr/src/packages/RPMS/i586 # rpm –ivh application.rpm

11. Creating RPM’S • Uses a special rpm script language, similar to shellscript • RPMS must be created on a stock revision of SuSE • Because it must be based on standard libraries and kernels • In order to be licensed and accepted by SuSE • Much more ease of supporting endusers who make installations • Not needed in isolated homogenus enviroments • RPMS are based on ”tar-balls” & cpio • Add a user called rpm • Place your tar ball in /usr/suse/SOURCE or ~rpm/SOURCE • To begin create a ”spec” file in /usr/src • Spec file describes vendor, package structure, patches and much more • Create your RPMS • You will get RPMS SRPMS and TGZ/BZ2 files for mass installation • All files reside in /usr/suse • Create your RPM with rpm -v -ba rpmtests-v1.0.spec

12. Install/Uninstall TAR-balls • Unpacking TAR package application • tar xvfz application.tar.gz • Preconfigure application • cd application • Read the INSTALLATION and HOWTO’s • ./configure or make config • Compile application • Make is sometimes not needed if application is binary • make • make test • Install application • If application is binary, you sometimes just run ./install or similar • make install or ./install • Uninstall application make uninstall

13. Creating simplyfied TAR-balls f. deploy • Prepare your binary tree • Populate application binaries in stock SuSE • Create nessesary catalogs in stock SuSE • Backup your binary tree • tar cvfz bin/myapp etc/myapp.conf • Write some INSTALLATION and HOWTO’s for installer • Write ./configure and basic Makefile or other installation script • Scripts can be more or less complicated. They must be able to: • Check if application is installed • Update old installed versions • Cleanup after installation or uninstallations • Install dependencies or at least tell installer • This you usally bake inside ./configure that prepare the Makefile

14. Other installation/uninstall tools • APT • Debian tool for updating and installing application and system components • # apt-get [options] install package [package ...] • There options [update|check|install|upgrade|remove] • Also available for SuSE • pkgtool • Slackware package manager • rpm2cpio • Extract cpio archive from RPM Package Manager (RPM) package • rpm2tgz/rpm2targz • Mainly supposed for slackware • Extract tar archive from RPM Package Manager (RPM) package