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THE AMERICAN CIVIL War

THE AMERICAN CIVIL War. Slide 1. 1861-1865. The Civil War: Union vs Confederacy. Slide 2. Johhnny Rebs, Copperheads. Federal troops, Yankees. Confederate Union. Slide 3. The first States secede. Slide 4. Slide 5. Secession means to leave a union.

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THE AMERICAN CIVIL War

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  1. THE AMERICAN CIVIL War Slide 1 1861-1865

  2. The Civil War: Union vs Confederacy Slide 2 Johhnny Rebs, Copperheads Federal troops, Yankees

  3. Confederate Union Slide 3

  4. The first States secede Slide 4

  5. Slide 5 • Secession means to leave a union. • When the South secedes, the North declares war to bring the South back • Into the Union.

  6. Slide 6 North vs. South in 1861

  7. Advantages of the Union (North)? Slide 7 - population - 22 million (3X the South) - Industries could make far more weapons - efficient railroad system - controlled the navy, which was used to blockade ships coming in to the South. This disrupted the South’s ability to make money. - Ulysses S. Grant became the main general and his Strategy was to cut the South off at the Mississippi River so they couldn’t communicate with Their whole army.

  8. Confederate (Rebel) advantages (South) Slide 8 • Confederates had excellent generals too -Robert E. Lee was the best probably ever • Home advantage • Farmers fight better than factory workers • Their strategy was to wear down the North and • outlast them in the fight. They thought the North would give up and lose interest in keeping them • in the Union.

  9. Robert E. Lee Slide 9 • He named his horse Traveller. • He said, “I don’t see how we could have an army without music.” Lee owned a pet hen. The hen went with him everywhere. At Gettysburg, he had his Generals help him find his lost hen. Picture Credit: www.guyartgallery.com/ civil%20war%20gallery.htm

  10. Rating the North & the South Slide 10

  11. GREAT BRITAIN… Slide 11 • The South was looking to have Great Britain help them in the war (since GB industry was dependent on "King Cotton")...but GB did not want to become involved: • GB had stockpiled cotton as the conflict was escalating; they had also found other sources (Madras, India) • Most British workers who lost their jobs in cotton factories had been able to find work in the new weapons factories that were mostly being sold to the North • Most British citizens hated slavery • British crop failures had led to increased grain trade w/ the North

  12. Ulysses S. Grant Slide 12 • Grant was the commander of the Union (North) army in the Civil War. • He was in the war with Mexico. • He went to college at West Point like Robert E. Lee. • Becomes President later

  13. First Battle was at Bull Run:Picnicking at the Battle Ground Slide 13 • People carried picnic baskets and champagne • Brought binoculars to view the action more closely • Believed the battle would not last long • No doubt that the Northern army would easily overpower the Rebels

  14. Slide 14 Overviewofthe North’sCivil WarStrategy: “Anaconda”Plan: Split the Confederate off at the Mississippi River

  15. Buy Your Way Out of Military Service Slide 15 Copnscription meant that A young man could buy his way Out of serving in the military If their family owned 20 slaves or If they paid $300 This made people say: The Civil War was a Rich Man’s War but a Poor Man’s fight.”

  16. Battle of Antietam“Bloodiest Single Day of the War” Slide 16 September 17, 1862 23,000 casualties

  17. Slide 17 Antietam • The Battle took place in Farmer Miller’s cornfield. • The battle is known as the Single bloodiest day in the Civil War. • 23,500 men were killed in the Bloody lane. • The name of the bridge where the confederates held the Yankees for 4 hours is called, Burnside. • The south used rocks when they ran out of ammunition. • South won the battle. Picture Credit: www.trubador.com/bridge.htm

  18. Emancipation Proclamation Slide 18 • Lincoln proclaims that slaves are free in the South. • It did not free slaves in border states because Lincoln said he Did not have the authority, but really he was trying to get the border states to Join him in the fight

  19. TheEmancipationProclamation

  20. Emancipation in 1863

  21. Gettysburg – turning point Slide 19 Robert E. Lee realizes his side (South) was in real trouble of losing the war and he decided that it was important to attack the North on its own territory July 1-3, 1863 - BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG, PA Confed. bombardment; Union held firm on July 3, General Pickett led 15,000 Confed. Troops across open fields - Union mowed them down (= "Pickett’s Charge") Lee was defeated and retreated to Virgnia Gettysburg is the largest battle in the history of the USA Over 100, 000 people died in 3 days It was the last time the South invaded the North.

  22. Gettysburg AddressWhat did Lincoln say? Read this: Slide 21 • …”that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth”. Abe Lincoln

  23. During the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln spoke of “the great task remaining before us.” Slide 22 During the Gettysburg address Lincoln Was honoring those that died and Inspiring those still fighting

  24. More efficient and deadly

  25. Important Battle Slide 24 The Battle at Vicksburg Was a victory for The North and cut The Mississippi River in half so the South couldn’t communicate

  26. July 4, 1863 - another Union victory - VICKSBURG • won by U.S. Grant, cut South in 1/2 and gave the Union control of Mississippi River • Grant was then given control of all Union armies  began a "scorched earth" policy to defeat the South • General Sheridan decimated Va.'s Shenandoah Valley • General Sherman given task of taking Atlanta; his "March through Georgia" saw total destruction from Atlanta to Savannah

  27. Blacks in the Military After the Emancipation Proclamation blacks began to join the Union Army Initially they were only used for manual labor Eventually, Blacks saw live combat 54th regiment out of Massachusetts Slide 26 William Carney

  28. The Famous 54th Massachusetts Slide 27

  29. The 54th Regiment attack on Fort Wagner, SC- July 18, 1863

  30. Black Troops Freeing Slaves

  31. African-Americansin Civil War Battles

  32. Surrender at AppomattoxApril 9, 1865 Slide 32

  33. Surrender! • April 3, 1865 - Grant took Richmond Va. - final blow to Lee's army • Lee surrenders on April 9, 1865 at APPOMATTOX COURTHOUSE • All Confed. troops forced to take an oath of loyalty to U.S. • otherwise, terms of surrender were lenient • Lincoln didn't want a humiliated South and further conflict • issue of states' rights now "solved"- fed. gov't had asserted its status

  34. Belle Boyd • She was a Southern spy that told Jackson that the Yankees were at Front Royal. • Women mostly kept the homefront jobs going while men were away Picture Credit: www.civilwarhome.com/ boydbio.htm

  35. After four bloody years of civil war, the South was defeated.

  36. Over 618,000 military deaths during Civil War.

  37. Gettysburg Casualties

  38. Civil War Casualtiesin Comparison to Other Wars

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