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Fitness for Life

Fitness for Life. Unit 1. Chapter 1. Physical Activity vs. Physical Fitness. Physical Activity vs. Physical Fitness. Physical activity is any movement using the large muscle groups of the body. Physical activity for the purpose of getting fit is called EXERCISE.

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Fitness for Life

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  1. Fitness for Life Unit 1

  2. Chapter 1

  3. Physical Activity vs. Physical Fitness

  4. Physical Activity vs. Physical Fitness • Physical activity is any movement using the large muscle groups of the body. • Physical activity for the purpose of getting fit is called EXERCISE. • Physical fitness is the ability of the body systems to work together efficiently.

  5. Wellness vs. Health • Wellness is a state of being that allows you to reach your fullest potential. • Example: when you are sick or injured you are not going to perform as well at your football game, track meet, dance performance, etc… • Health is an equal balance of spiritual, physical, emotional, social and mental well being. • If any area is lacking a person is considered “unhealthy.”

  6. Hypokinetic • Hypo: lack of • Kinetic: movement or activity • Hypokinetic: lack of physical activity • Hypokinetic conditions: • Heart Disease • Cancer • Muscle atrophy • Back problems

  7. 5 Parts of Health-Related Fitness • 1. Cardiovascular fitness: ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time without stopping • 2. Strength: amount of force your muscles can produce. • 3. Muscle Endurance: ability to use your muscles for a long period of time without tiring • 4. Flexibility: ability to use your joints through a full range of motion • 5. Body Fatness: percentage of body weight that is made up of fat when compared to the other body tissues

  8. 6 Parts of Skill-Related Fitness • 1. Agility: ability to change position quickly and control your body’s movements • 2. Balance: ability to keep an upright posture while standing still or moving • 3. Coordination: ability to use your senses together with your body parts or to use two or more body parts together. • 4. Power: ability to use strength quickly • 5. Reaction Time: amount of time it takes to move once you realize you need to act. • 6. Speed: ability to perform a movement or cover a distance in a short period of time.

  9. Power vs. Strength • Power: ability to use strength quickly • Examples: sprinter coming out of blocks, d-lineman attacking at the snap, gymnast doing a flip • Strength: amount of force your muscles can produce • Examples: max in weight room, ability to pick up a book, etc…

  10. Chapter 2

  11. Hypothermia vs. Frostbite • Symptoms: • Frostbite: • 1. Skin becomes white or grayish yellow and looks glossy • 2. Pain is sometimes felt early, but subsides later (often feeling is lost and no pain is felt) • 3. Blisters may appear • 4. The affected area feels intensely cold and numb

  12. Hypothermia vs. Frostbite • Symptoms: • Hypothermia: • 1. Numbness • 2. Shivering • 3. Low body temperature • 4. Confusion

  13. Hypothermia vs. Frostbite • Causes: • Hypothermia: • Excessively low body temperature that can result from extreme cold • Frostbite: • Skin exposed to ice or snow for extended period of time causing tissue to freeze

  14. Exercising in Cold vs. Hot Weather • Precautions: • Cold: • 1. Avoid extreme cold and wind • 2. Dress properly • 3. Avoid exercising in icy or cold, wet weather • Hot: • 1. Begin gradually • 2. Drink water • 3. Wear proper clothing • 4. Rest frequently • 5. Avoid extreme heat and humidity • 6. Get out of the heat and cool the body if heat –related injury occurs

  15. Structure of the Body • Joint: point on the body where two bones come together. Joints are held together by muscles, ligaments and tendons. • Ligament: tough tissues that hold bones together at the joint  • Tendon: tough tissues that connect muscle to bone

  16. Diagram of the Knee • A. Muscle • B. Bone • C. Cartilage • D. Tendon • E. Ligament

  17. Injuries Associated with Exercise • Types • Overuse injuries: Invisible damage to the body resulting from repeating a movement • Examples: stress fracture, shin splints, tendonitis • Side Stitch: in the side of the lower abdomen that people often experience in sports, especially running activities

  18. Injury Prevention and Treatment • Injury Prevention: • Warm-up: activities done to get the body ready for exercise. Allows body to adapt to new stress being placed upon it. • Cool-down: easy activity used to calm the body down after exercise. Allows the body to return to normal temperature and heart rate. • Treatment: • R.I.C.E. : used when treating minor injuries • R: Rest • I: Ice • C: Compression • E: Elevation

  19. Chapter 3

  20. Back Problems • 80 % of all adults in the United States will experience back pain. • Backache is considered a hypokinetic condition. • Back conditions: • Lordosis • Kyphosis • Ptosis • Scoliosis

  21. Back Conditions • Lordosis: • Too much arch in the lower back • Most common back condition with teens

  22. Back Conditions • Kyphosis: • Rounded back and shoulders

  23. Back Conditions • Ptosis: • Protruding abdomen

  24. Back Conditions • Scoliosis: • Curvature of the spine

  25. Ways to Prevent Back Problems • Posture: • 3 ways posture helps you: • 1. look good • 2. prevent back problems • 3. work and play more efficiently • Strength training • Increasing muscle strength in the back will help keep spine aligned

  26. More Hypokinetic Conditions • Conditions that affect the heart: • Atherosclerosis: clogging of the arteries caused by the building up of fat and cholesterol inside the inner walls of the arteries. • Heart Attack: occurs when the blood supply into or within the heart is drastically reduced or cut off. This is caused often by atherosclerosis.

  27. More Hypokinetic Conditions • Blood pressure: the force of blood against your artery walls. Normal range 120/80. • Hypertension: high blood pressure that is consistently beyond the regular healthy range

  28. More Hypokinetic Conditions • Obesity: condition where a person has a high level of percent body fat that is onset by inactivity or other biological factors. • Diabetes: When a person cannot regulate their levels of sugar in the blood. • Type II diabetes used to be called adult onset diabetes, but now it affects many teens and children that do not regulate their body weight properly. • Stroke: oxygen in the blood supply to the brain is severely reduced or cut off.

  29. More Hypokinetic Conditions • Cancer: the second leading cause of death in the United States. • Osteoporosis: structure of the bone deteriorates and the bones become brittle and weak

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