Ch 16.2 fill in blank

1. Ch 16.2 fill in blank

2. Essential Questions – 16.2 1.) Describe the manner in which mining companies explore for new mineral deposits. 2.) Describe three methods of subsurface mining. 3.) Describe two methods of surface mining. 4.) Define placer deposit, and explain how placer deposits form. 5.) Describe the steps that take place in smelting an ore.

3. Mineral Exploration • Mining companies spend _______________ to find areas where there is a likelihood of valuable _________________ deposits. • Methods of finding these deposits include

4. Mineral Exploration These data and images are used to create a ________________________, indicating where possible mining sites may be. Then, miners go in and take _______________, which are analyzed to determine the quality of the ____________________. If the quality is __________________, the company will attempt to open a ____________.

5. Types of mining • There are 5 main types of mining:

6. 1.) Subsurface mining • Mining for ______(minerals that are valuable and economical) that occurs usually _________ (50 m) below the ______________. • Commonly used to extract _____ and _____ • There are 3 ways to subsurface mine:

7. Subsurface Mining • Room and Pillar Mining • a network of ________ (rooms) are cut into the rock. Between the rooms, _________ of ore are left standing to support the roof. • When mining is completed, the _________ are removed.

8. Subsurface mining • Longwall mining • More ____________________ than room & pillar. • A machine goes across the face of the ore deposit and ___________ (grinds) the coal off the wall. • As the coal is sheared, it falls onto a _____________ and is taken out of the mine. • Solution Mining • Sometimes used for ______and _________. • ____________ is used to dissolve the ore. • Then, _________________ is used to lift the dissolved ore to the surface. (Kind of like blowing into a straw).

9. 2.) Surface Mining • Used when ore deposits are _________________ the surface. • Main method is __________________ • ___________ and ___________ are mined this way. • Ore is mined downward by layers, using _____________ • Then ______________ is placed on large trucks and taken to processing factories (plant).

10. Surface Mining • 1.) Surface Coal Mining • _____________ covering ore is removed. • Then, rocks covering ore (called _____________) are removed. • Coal is removed, creating a cut in the earth. • Overburden is replaced into cut. • Soil is placed back on top and land is ______________ (re-shaped) • 2.) Quarrying • Used to mine building stones, e.g., _________________ __________________________________ • 3.) Solar Evaporation • Salt mining using ____________. • Sea water is placed in _________________. • Sun _______________________, leaving behind the salt.

11. 3.) Placer Mining Used near ___________ and streams to find ______, diamonds and other heavy minerals. As rocks ________, the minerals are released and get concentrated by wind and water into deposits called _____________________. Often occur in ________ of rivers, where the minerals are deposited as the current slows. Ore is collected using a _______________

12. 4.) Smelting Crushed ore is________ at high temperatures to separate ____________from molten metal. Metal is collected and hardened into _______ or _______________ ______________ is processed this way.

13. 5.) Undersea Mining Largely ________________________ method. Very ___________________ compared to land-based mining. Perhaps will be a possible method in _______, when technology improves.